Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Guernsey cattle, breed of dairy cattle developed on the islands of Alderney, Guernsey, and Sark near the north coast of France. First imported to the United States in about 1830, they are fawn-colored...

(Encyclopedia) Day, Benjamin, 1838–1916, American printer; son of Benjamin Henry Day. While working in New York City, Day invented a process, utilizing celluloid sheets, for shading plates in the color printing of...

(Encyclopedia) molting, periodical shedding and renewal of the outer skin, exoskeleton, fur, or feathers of an animal. In most animals the process is triggered by secretions of the thyroid and pituitary glands. Near...

(Encyclopedia) green flash or emerald flash, a refractive phenomenon of the atmosphere where the top edge of the setting (or, less frequently, rising) sun will momentarily turn emerald green. The green color lasts f...

(Encyclopedia) Gros, Antoine-Jean, Baron äNtwänˈ zhäN bärôNˈgrō [key], 1771–1835, French painter. He studied with his father, a miniaturist, and with J.-L. David, whose classical theory he adopted. Napoleo...

(Encyclopedia) New Red Sandstone, name for the thick red layer of the Triassic formation in Great Britain (see Triassic period). It is many thousands of feet thick and is composed chiefly of red sandstones, clays, a...

(Encyclopedia) Sorolla y Bastida, Joaquín hwäkēnˈ sōrōˈlyä ē bästēˈᵺä [key], 1863–1923, Spanish painter, b. Valencia. He is noted for his large landscapes in full, glowing sunlight, painted in stron...

(Encyclopedia) Red Poll cattle pōl [key], breed of polled (hornless) cattle, originated in England c.1846. They are a medium-sized, hardy breed of cattle, light red to very dark red in color, and are raised for bot...

(Encyclopedia) amontillado əmŏnˌtĭläˈdō [key], dry sherry noted for its delicate bouquet, resembling the wine of Montilla, Spain, from which it derives its name. A blend of pale, dry sherries of the palma typ...

(Encyclopedia) armor, apparatus for defense of persons, horses, and such objects as vehicles, naval vessels, and aircraft. Body armor developed early as protective suits made of such materials as leather, shells, wo...