Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Ottocar I pərzhĕmˈĭsəl ôtˈôkär [key], d. 1230, duke (1197–98) and king (1198–1230) of Bohemia. The struggle within the Holy Roman Empire for the imperial crown enabled Ottocar to obtain (...

(Encyclopedia) Marmont, Auguste Frédéric Louis Viesse de ōgüstˈ frādārēkˈ lwē vyĕs də märmôNˈ [key], 1774–1852, marshal of France. He fought with Napoleon in Italy and Egypt and took part in his cou...

(Encyclopedia) Brenz, Johannes yōhänˈəs brĕnz [key], c.1522–67, German Protestant reformer. After coming under the influence of Johannes Oecolampadius and Martin Luther, Brenz stopped celebrating Mass (1523) ...

(Encyclopedia) Carteret, Philip, 1639–82, first colonial governor of New Jersey. Carteret, commissioned by the proprietor, Sir George Carteret, his fourth cousin, arrived in the province in 1665. He soon faced dis...

(Encyclopedia) Wharton, Thomas Wharton, 1st marquess of, 1648–1715, English politician. Before his entry into Parliament (1673) he had acquired the reputation as a rake and gambler that he retained for life. After...

(Encyclopedia) Portsmouth, Louise Renée de Kéroualle, duchess of lwēz rənāˈ də kāro͞oälˈ [key], 1649–1734, French mistress of Charles II of England. She exerted a powerful influence over the king in fav...

(Encyclopedia) Decazes, Élie ālēˈ dəkäzˈ [key], 1780–1860, French statesman, a favorite of King Louis XVIII, who made him a duke in 1820. A lawyer and judge, Decazes was made minister of police in 1815 and ...

(Encyclopedia) Dole, Elizabeth Hanford, 1936–, American public official, b. Salisbury, N.C., B.A., Duke, 1958, J.D., Harvard, 1965; wife of Bob Dole. A Republican, she held several government positions including c...

(Encyclopedia) Concini, Concino kōnchēˈnō kōnchēˈnē [key], d. 1617, Florentine adventurer, favorite of Marie de' Medici, queen of France, who exerted great influence after the assassination of Marie's husban...

(Encyclopedia) Blenheim, battle of, major engagement of the War of the Spanish Succession (see Spanish Succession, War of the), fought on Aug. 13, 1704, at the village of Blenheim (Blindheim), near Höchstädt, Bava...