Symbol:
Si
Atomic Number:
14
Atomic Weight:
28.0855
Element Classification:
Discovered By:
Jons Jacob Berzelius
Discovery Date:
1824 (Sweden)
Name Origin:
Latin: silex, silicus, (flint).
Density (g/cc):
2.33
Melting Point (K):
1683
Boiling Point (K):
2628
Appearance:
Amorphous form is brown powder; crystalline form has a gray
Atomic Radius (pm):
132
Atomic Volume (cc/mol):
12.1
Covalent Radius (pm):
111
Ionic Radius:
42 (+4e) 271 (-4e)
Specific Heat:
0.703
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol):
50.6
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol):
383
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
149
Debye Temperature (K):
625.00
Pauling Negativity Number:
1.90
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol):
786.0
Oxidation States:
4, -4
Electronic Configuration:
[Ne] 3s2 3p2
Lattice Structure:
Diagonal(DIA)
Lattice Constant:
5.430
Lattice C/A Ratio:
n/a
