(Encyclopedia) scalar, quantity or number possessing only sign and magnitude, e.g., the real numbers (see number), in contrast to vectors and tensors; scalars obey the rules of elementary algebra.…
(Encyclopedia) Pitcher, Molly, 1744–1832, American Revolutionary heroine whose real name was Mary Ludwig Hays or Heis, b. near Trenton, N.J. As the wife of John Hays or Heis, she carried water for…
(Encyclopedia) epicureanismepicureanismĕpˌĭky&oobreve;rēˈənĭzˌəm [key], philosophy that follows the teachings of Epicurus, who held that pleasure is the end of all morality and that real pleasure…
(Encyclopedia) Gray, John Chipman, 1839–1915, American lawyer and teacher, b. Brighton, Mass. A graduate of Harvard Law School (1861), he served in the Civil War and then entered law practice in…
(Encyclopedia) McTaggart, John McTaggart Ellis, 1866–1925, British philosopher. A student of G. W. Hegel, by whom he was strongly influenced, he taught at Trinity College, Cambridge (1897–1923).…
(Encyclopedia) BramantinoBramantinobrämäntēˈnō [key], c.1465–c.1535, Lombard painter and architect. His real name was Bartolomeo Suardi. He took the name of his master Bramante, whose style he…
(Encyclopedia) Campbell, John, 1st Baron Campbell, 1779–1861, British jurist. He was a member of the Whig party in the House of Commons from 1830 and in the Lords from 1841. Ambitious legally rather…
(Encyclopedia) Howard, Sir Ebenezer, 1850–1928, English town planner, principal founder of the English garden-city movement. His To-morrow: a Peaceful Path to Real Reform (1898), reissued as Garden…
(Encyclopedia) illusionism, in art, a kind of visual trickery in which painted forms seem to be real. It is sometimes called trompe l'oeil [Fr.,=fool the eye]. The development of one-point…
(Encyclopedia) AleijadinhoAleijadinhoälāzhädēˈnyō [key] [Port.,=little cripple], 1730–1814, Brazilian sculptor. His real name was Antônio Francisco Lisboa. Although he was maimed in hands and feet,…
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