Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Ann Arbor, city (2020 pop. 123,851), seat of Washtenaw co., S Mich., on the Huron River; inc. 1851. It is a research and educational center, with a large number of government and industria...

(Encyclopedia) photographic processing, set of procedures by which the latent, or invisible, image produced when a photographic film is exposed to light is made into a permanent visible image. The negative may b...

(Encyclopedia) Oswestry ŏzˈwĕstrē, –wəs– [key], town (1991 pop. 12,448), Shropshire, W central England. The market town has plastics, clothing, and printing industries. The area is named for St. Oswald, a N...

(Encyclopedia) Andrews, Lorrin, 1795–1868, American missionary to the Hawaiian Islands, b. present-day Vernon, Conn., grad. Princeton Theological Seminary, 1825. He founded (1831) on Maui a training school for tea...

(Encyclopedia) Hannibal, city (2020 pop. 17,108), Marion and Ralls counties, NE Mo., on the Mississippi River; inc. 1845. It is a river port and shipping center. Indus...

(Encyclopedia) flame test, test used in the identification of certain metals. It is based on the observation that light emitted by any element gives a unique spectrum when passed through a spectroscope. When a salt ...

(Encyclopedia) Tilburg tĭlˈbərg [key], city (1994 pop. 163,383), North Brabant prov., S Netherlands, near the Belgian border. Long a major center of the woolen textile industry, Tilburg also produces chemicals, p...

(Encyclopedia) graining, process of painting by which natural wood grain is imitated. It was common practice in the late 19th cent. to grain cheap, soft woods to give them the appearance of rare, expensive ones. A l...

(Encyclopedia) graffito gräf-fēˈtō [key]. 1 Method of ornamenting architectural plaster surfaces. The designs are produced by scratching a topcoat of plaster to reveal an undercoat of contrasting and deeper colo...

(Encyclopedia) Maxwell, James Clerk klärk [key], 1831–79, great Scottish physicist. After a brilliant career at Edinburgh and Cambridge, where he won early recognition with mathematical papers, he was a professor...