Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Claudius II (Marcus Aurelius Claudius), d. 270, Roman emperor (268–70), called Gothicus. A successful general under Valerian, Claudius put down the revolt in which Gallienus was killed. He succeeded...

(Encyclopedia) Preston, Lewis Thompson, 1926–95, American financial executive, b. New York City. After serving as a U.S. Marine during World War II and graduating from Harvard (1951), he joined J. P. Morgan. He be...

(Encyclopedia) Pulkovo po͞olˈkəvə [key], astronomical observatory, S of St. Petersburg, NW Russia. Pulkovo was built (1834–39) under a commission headed by F. G. W. von Struve. In 1839 its 15-in. (38-cm) refra...

(Encyclopedia) Liri lēˈrē [key], river, 98 mi (158 km) long, rising in the Apennines, in Latium, central Italy, and flowing generally SE to the Tyrrhenian Sea. Below its junction with the Rapido River near Cassin...

(Encyclopedia) Lampedusa, island, 8 sq mi (20.7 sq km), S Sicily, Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea between Malta and Tunisia, the largest of the Pelagie Islands and Italy's southernmost territory. Il Porto is the onl...

(Encyclopedia) Nettuno nāt-to͞oˈnō [key], town (1991 pop. 33,827), in Latium, central Italy, on the Tyrrhenian Sea. It is an agricultural center and a seaside resort. With nearby Anzio it was the site of an Alli...

(Encyclopedia) Neubrandenburg noibränˈdənbûrkˌ [key], city (1994 pop. 95,540), Mecklenburg–West Pomerania, NE Germany, on the Tollensesee. Manufactures include paper, chemicals, wood, leather, and food produc...

(Encyclopedia) Okada, Keisuke kāˈso͝okā ōkäˈdä [key], 1862–1952, Japanese statesman and admiral. He was (1927–29, 1932–34) minister of the navy before serving (1934–36) as premier. He resigned the pr...

(Encyclopedia) Ortona ōrtôˈnä [key], town (1991 pop. 22,601), Abruzzi, central Italy, on the Adriatic Sea. Now a small fishing port and a seaside resort, it was a major port from the 11th cent. to 1447, when its...

(Encyclopedia) Matruh mätro͞oˈ [key], town (1986 pop. 43,157), NW Egypt, near the Mediterranean Sea. Built at the site of the Roman town of Paraetonium, it is located on the coast road and is on a railway that li...