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(Encyclopedia)
Russian and Soviet Rulers since 1462(including dates of rule)
House of Rurik
House of Godunov
Usurpers
House of Romanov
Provisional Government(premiers)
Soviet Russia (1917–22) and the U...
(Encyclopedia) Gulag, system of forced-labor prison camps in the USSR, from the Russian acronym [GULag] for the Main Directorate of Corrective Labor Camps, a department of the Soviet secret police (originally the Ch...
(Encyclopedia) Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich vlŭdēmˈyĭr vlŭdēmˌyĭrˈəvyĭch po͞oˈtyĭn [key], 1952–, Russian government official and political leader, b. Leningrad (now St. Petersburg). After graduating...
(Encyclopedia) Lunacharsky, Anatoli Vasilyevich ənətôˈlyē vəsēˈlyəvĭch lo͞onəchärˈskē [key], 1875–1933, Russian revolutionary, dramatist, and critic. He began his revolutionary career in 1892 and jo...
(Encyclopedia) Krupskaya, Nadezhda Konstantinovna nŭdyĕˈzhdə kənstŭntyēˈnəvnə kro͞opˈskəyə [key], 1869–1939, Russian revolutionary and educator, wife of Lenin. Krupskaya was a Marxist agitator for 25...
(Encyclopedia) Podolsk pədôlˈyəsk [key], city (1989 pop. 209,000), central European Russia, on the Pakhra River, a tributary of the Moskva. The center of a fertile agricultural region, Podolsk is a rail terminus...
(Encyclopedia) Suzdal so͞ozˈdəl [key], city, central European Russia, NE Moscow. Its major industry is tourism. Founded c.1024 as a fortress town, it developed from the 11th to 12th cent. as an important city of ...
(Encyclopedia) Plekhanov, Georgi Valentinovich gāôrˈgē vəlyĭntyēˈnəvĭch plyĭkhäˈnəf [key], 1857–1918, Russian revolutionary and social philosopher. He was a leader in introducing Marxist theory to Ru...
(Encyclopedia) Bolshevism and Menshevism bōlˈshəvĭzəm, bŏlˈ–, mĕnˈshəvĭzəm [key], the two main branches of Russian socialism from 1903 until the consolidation of the Bolshevik dictatorship under Lenin ...
(Encyclopedia) Luxemburg, Rosa rōˈzä lo͝okˈsəmbo͝ork [key], 1871–1919, German revolutionary, b. Russian Poland. Her revolutionary activities forced her to flee to Switzerland in 1889, where she became a Mar...