Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Bülow, Bernhard Heinrich Martin, Fürst von bĕrnˈhärt hīnˈrĭkh märˈtĭn fŭrst fən büˈlō [key], 1849–1929, German chancellor. He held many diplomatic posts before he became, through the...

(Encyclopedia) Stockmar, Christian Friedrich, Baron von krĭsˈtyän frēˈdrĭk bärōnˈ fŭn shtôkˈmär [key], 1787–1863, Anglo-Belgian diplomat and courtier, b. Coburg, Germany. A physician, Stockmar became ...

(Encyclopedia) Baer, Karl Ernst von, 1792–1876, Estonian biologist. He was a professor at Würzburg and Königsberg and from 1834 at St. Petersburg. Considered a founder of modern embryology, he discovered the not...

(Encyclopedia) Arnim, Mary Annette (Beauchamp), Countess von: see Russell, Mary Annette (Beauchamp) Russell, Countess. ...

(Encyclopedia) Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm, Baron von styo͞oˈbən, Ger. frēˈdrĭkh vĭlˈhĕlm bärōnˈ fən shtoiˈbən [key], 1730–94, Prussian army officer, general in the American Revolution, b. Magdeburg....

(Encyclopedia) Hrotswith rôsvēˈtä fən gänˈdərs-hīm [key], 10th-century German dramatist, a nun. Of a noble Saxon family, Hrotswith was well educated. Her long epic poems—one including a fragment on Empero...

(Encyclopedia) Schulenburg, Ehrengard Melusina von der, duchess of Kendal āˈrəngärt mālo͞ozēˈnä fən dĕr sho͞oˈlənbo͝orkh [key], 1667–1743, German mistress of George I of England. She became his mist...

(Encyclopedia) Goudy, Frederic William gouˈdē [key], 1865–1947, American type designer, b. Bloomington, Ill. Goudy is celebrated as one of the finest and most prolific type designers in history. In 1905, Goudy e...

(Encyclopedia) Mayer, Julius Robert von, 1814–78, German physician and physicist, studied medicine at Tübingen, Munich, and Paris. From a consideration of the generation of animal heat, he was led to determine th...

(Encyclopedia) Pufendorf, Samuel, Baron von zäˈmo͞oĕl bärônˈ fən po͞oˈfəndôrf [key], 1632–94, German jurist and historian. He is especially noted as an early theorist of international law. Educated in ...