Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Bell, Clive, 1881–1964, English critic of art and literature. He was a member of the Bloomsbury group. His works include Art (1914), Since Cézanne (1922), Landmarks in Nineteenth-Century Painting (...

(Encyclopedia) William of Malmesbury mämzˈbərē [key], c.1096–1143, English writer, monk of Malmesbury. His most important work is the Gesta regum Anglorum, a history of the kings of England from 449 to 1127, w...

(Encyclopedia) charter school, alternative type of American public school that, while paid for by taxes, is independent of the public-school system and relatively free from state and local regulations. A charter sch...

(Encyclopedia) Hardwick, Elizabeth, 1916–2007, American literary critic, novelist, and short-story writer, b. Lexington, Ky.; grad Univ. of Kentucky (B.A., 1938; M.A., 1939). She moved (1939) to New York City, whe...

(Encyclopedia) extinction, in biology, disappearance of species of living organisms. Extinction usually occurs as a result of changed conditions to which the species is not suited. If no member of the affected speci...

(Encyclopedia) Kearney, city (1990 pop. 24,396), seat of Buffalo co., S central Nebr., on the Platte River; inc. 1873. It is a commercial, industrial, and transportation center in an agricultural area. Plastic and m...

(Encyclopedia) Bladensburg blāˈdənzbûrg [key], town (2020 pop. 9,657), Prince Georges co., S central Md., a ...

(Encyclopedia) Brăila brəēˈlä [key], city, SE Romania, in Walachia, on the Danube River. The chief grai...

(Encyclopedia) Prizren prēzˈrĕn [key], city (2011 pop. 178,112), SW Kosovo. It is a commercial center with industries that produce textiles, wood products, and filigree silver jewelry. Prizren is the seat of a Ro...

(Encyclopedia) Pitman, Sir Isaac, 1813–97, English inventor of phonographic shorthand. In Stenographic Soundhand (1837) he set forth a shorthand system based on phonetic rather than orthographic principles; adapte...