Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Judd, Charles Hubbard, 1873–1946, American psychologist, b. India. He was educated at the Univ. of Leipzig (Ph.D., 1896), where he studied with Wilhelm Wundt. Judd taught at the Univ. of Cincinnati,...

(Encyclopedia) integration, in U.S. history, the goal of an organized movement to break down the barriers of discrimination and segregation separating African Americans from the rest of American society. Racial segr...

(Encyclopedia) parochial school pərōˈkēəl [key], school supported by a religious body. In the United States such schools are maintained by a number of religious groups, including Lutherans, Seventh-day Adventis...

(Encyclopedia) firing, process of treating clay or other plastic ceramic materials with heat to produce a hard, durable but brittle material such as pottery. Primitive potters baked their clay in an open fire, but f...

(Encyclopedia) Morava môrˈävä [key], Ger. March, river, c.240 mi (390 km) long, rising in the Sudetes, N Czech Republic, and flowing generally S past Olomouc into the Danube River, W of Bratislava. It is navigab...

(Encyclopedia) living wage, the hourly wage that, at a minimum, supports a standard of living above the poverty level in a given locality. It differs from the minimum wage, which often provides a less than adequate ...

(Encyclopedia) quinoa kēnwäˈ [key], tall annual herb (Chenopodium quinoa) of the family Chenopodiaceae (goosefoot family), whose seeds have provided a staple food for peoples of the higher Andes since pre-Columbi...

(Encyclopedia) Sarajevo sârˌəyāˈvō [key], city (2013 pop. 438,443), capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the Miljacka River. An important industrial and railway center, its industries include food and tobacco...

(Encyclopedia) Northeastern University, at Boston, Mass.; coeducational; founded 1898 as a program within the Boston YMCA, inc. 1916, university status 1922, fully independent of the YMCA 1948. It is noted for its c...

(Encyclopedia) Alberta, University of, at Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; provincially supported; coeducational; chartered 1906, opened 1908. It has faculties of arts, engineering, medicine, agriculture, law, dentistry, ...