Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) American Federation of Teachers (AFT), an affiliate of the AFL-CIO. It was formed (1916) out of the belief that the organizing of teachers should follow the model of a labor union, rather than that of...

(Encyclopedia) Jim Crow laws, in U.S. history, statutes enacted by Southern states and municipalities, beginning in the 1880s, that legalized segregation between blacks and whites. The name is believed to be derived...

(Encyclopedia) South Gate, city (1990 pop. 86,284), Los Angeles co., S Calif., an industrial suburb of Los Angeles; inc. 1923. Among the city's manufactures are metal, electrical, paper, and rubber products; consume...

(Encyclopedia) Ireland, National University of, founded 1908 to provide higher education for Irish Roman Catholics. It consists of three colleges: University College, Galway; University College, Cork; and University...

(Encyclopedia) South Farmingdale, uninc. town (1990 pop. 15,377), Nassau co., SE N.Y., on Long Island. It is chiefly residential.

(Encyclopedia) Richardson, Elliot Lee, 1920–99, U.S. government official, b. Boston. Admitted to the bar in 1949, he was (1957–59) assistant secretary of health, education and welfare under President Dwight D. E...

(Encyclopedia) South San Francisco, city (1990 pop. 54,312), San Mateo co., W Calif.; inc. 1908. South San Francisco has several industrial parks; its manufactures include medical supplies and equipment, foods, pain...

(Encyclopedia) South Miami, city (1990 pop. 10,404), Dade co., SE Fla., a suburb of Miami; settled 1899, inc. 1926. It is a commercial and retail center for neighboring Coral Gables. ...

(Encyclopedia) South Ossetia: see Ossetia.

(Encyclopedia) South Vietnam: see Vietnam.