Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Mitterrand, François Maurice fräNswäˈ mōrēsˈ mētəräNˈ [key], 1916–96, French political leader, president of France, 1981–95. Initially a supporter of Pétain's Vichy government during W...

(Encyclopedia) Reform party, in the United States, political party founded in 1995 by H. Ross Perot as an alternative to the Democratic and Republican parties. The Reform party's aims originally included mandating h...

(Encyclopedia) Nikolić, Tomislav ämˈēsläv nēˈkōlĭch [key], 1952–, Serbian political leader. A construction executive, he entered politics in the 1990s, becoming a member of the ultranationalist Serbian Ra...

(Encyclopedia) Kwaśniewski, Aleksander kwäshnyĕfˈskē [key], 1954–, Polish politician, president of Poland (1995–), b. Bialogard. He studied economics at the Univ. of Gdańsk, joined the Communist party at 2...

(Encyclopedia) Awami League, political organization in Pakistan and Bangladesh. It was founded in 1949 as an opposition party in Pakistan and had a moderately socialist ideology. The Awami [people's] League, with co...

(Encyclopedia) Mauroy, Pierre pyĕr môrwäˈ [key], 1928–2013, French politician. Educated at the École National d'Apprentissage de Cachan, he was a teacher and an active member of the new Socialist party from t...

(Encyclopedia) Reform party, in Canada: see Canadian Alliance. ...

(Encyclopedia) Vásquez, Tabaré (Tabaré Ramón Vázquez Rosas) täbärāˈ rämōnˈ väsˈkĕs rôˈsäs [key], 1940–2020, Uruguayan political leader, president of Uruguay (2005–10, 2015–20). He studied med...

(Encyclopedia) Gyurcsány, Ferenc fĕˈrĕnts dyo͝orˈchänyə [key], 1961–, Hungarian politician and investment executive, b. Pápa. Educated as a teacher and economist, he was president (1988–89) of Hungary's...

(Encyclopedia) Ton Duc Thang, 1888–1980, Vietnamese politician. He was an early supporter of Ho Chi Minh and was imprisoned (1929–45) by the French colonial regime. After Vietnamese independence, he rose quickly...