Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Rudolph, Paul Marvin, 1918–97, American modernist architect, b. Elkton, Ky. Rudolph taught at several universities and served as chair of the Yale architecture department from 1958–65. He was one ...

(Encyclopedia) Saint-Nazaire săN-näzĕrˈ [key], city (1990 pop. 66,087), Loire-Atlantique dept., W France, at the mouth of the Loire River on the Bay of Biscay. Saint-Nazaire is an important seaport (mainly for t...

(Encyclopedia) Paul Knutson no͞otsˈən [key], fl. 1354–64, Norse leader, alleged explorer of America. In 1354 or 1355 King Magnus VII of Norway directed him to conduct an expedition to Greenland to insure the co...

(Encyclopedia) Heyse, Paul poul hīˈzə [key], 1830–1914, German realistic writer. Besides the 120 novellas on which his reputation rests, he wrote some 50 plays, 6 novels, and many fine translations, especially ...

(Encyclopedia) Horgan, Paul (Paul George Vincent O'Shaughnessy Horgan), 1903–95, American writer, b. Buffalo, N.Y. His diverse works reflect his fascination with the effects of history and landscape on people. Amo...

(Encyclopedia) Sérusier, Paul pōl sāro͞osyāˈ [key], 1863–1927, French painter. In 1888 at Pont-Aven, Sérusier met Gauguin whose style he adhered to, particularly in his paintings of Breton landscapes. With ...

(Encyclopedia) James, Saint, in the Bible, the “brother” of Jesus. The Gospels make several references to the brothers of Jesus, and St. Paul speaks of “James the Lord's brother.” While Protestants generally...

(Encyclopedia) Broca, Paul pōl brôkäˈ [key], 1824–80, French pathologist, anthropologist, and pioneer in neurosurgery. A professor in Paris at the Faculty of Medicine and at the Anthropological Institute, he w...

(Encyclopedia) Saint-Ouen săNto͞oäˈ [key], city (1990 pop. 42,611), Seine–Saint-Denis dept., N central France, on the Seine River. It is an industrial suburb N of Paris and a terminal point for river shipping....

(Encyclopedia) Paul III, 1468–1549, pope (1534–49), a Roman named Alessandro Farnese; successor of Clement VII. He was created cardinal by Alexander VI, and his influence increased steadily. A very astute church...