Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Cossacks kŏsˈăks, –əks [key], Rus. Kazaki, Ukr. Kozaky, peasant-soldiers in Ukraine and in several regions of Russia who, until 1918, held certain privileges in return for rendering military ser...

(Encyclopedia) Russian art and architecture, the artistic and architectural production of the geographical area of Russia. Around the turn of the century Mir Iskusstva (World of Art Group) was initiated, a movemen...

(Encyclopedia) Mongolia mŏn-gōˈlēə, mŏng– [key], Asian region (c.906,000 sq mi/2,346,540 sq km), bordered roughly by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, on the west; the Manchurian provinces of China on...

(Encyclopedia) Msta əmstäˈ [key], river, c.280 mi (450 km) long, rising N of Vyshne Volochek, NW European Russia, and flowing generally NW into Lake Ilmen near Novgorod. Navigable in its lower course, it is inclu...

(Encyclopedia) Maloyaroslavets mäˌləyärəsläˈvyĭts [key], city, E central European Russia, on the Luzh River. In Oct., 1812, Russian forces in the city barred the road to Kaluga against Napoleon's retreating ...

(Encyclopedia) Hitchcock, Ethan Allen, 1835–1909, U.S. Secretary of the Interior (1898–1907), b. Mobile, Ala. He was appointed minister to Russia in 1897 but was called into McKinley's cabinet the next year. Und...

(Encyclopedia) Cheremkhovo chĕrĭmkôˈvə [key], city (1989 pop. 74,000), SE Siberian Russia, on the Trans-Siberian RR. The center of the Cheremkhovo coal basin, the city forms part of a minor industrial complex b...

(Encyclopedia) Alatyr ələtĭrˈ [key], city (1989 pop. 47,000), Chuvash Republic, E European Russia, at the confluence of the Sura and Alatyr rivers. Founded in 1552, it is a river port and railroad junction with ...

(Encyclopedia) Igarka ēgärˈkə [key], city, NW Siberian Russia, on the lower Yenisei River. It has sawmills and is a major lumber port. Igarka was founded in 1928. During the Stalin period forced labor was used i...

(Encyclopedia) Ilmen ĭlˈmən [key], shallow lake, varying in size from c.300 to c.800 sq mi (780–2,070 sq km), NW European Russia. It empties through the Volkhov River into Lake Ladoga. Novgorod and Staraya Russ...