Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Alferov, Zhores Ivanovich, 1930–2019, Russian physicist, b. Vitebsk (now in Belarus), Ph.D. V. I. Ulyanov Electrotechnical Institute, 1952. He joined the research staff of the A. F. Ioffe Physico-Te...

(Encyclopedia) Yeltsin, Boris Nikolayevich bərēsˈ nyĭkəlīˈəvĭch yĕltˈsĭn [key], 1931–2007, Soviet and Russian politician, president of Russia (1991–99). Born in Yekaterinburg (then Sverdlovsk) and ed...

(Encyclopedia) Dykh-Tau dĭkhˈ-touˈ [key], peak, c.17,000 ft (5,180 m) high, SE European Russia, in the central Greater Caucasus. ...

(Encyclopedia) Yegorevsk yĭgôˈryəfsk [key], city (1989 pop. 74,000), W central European Russia. It is a cotton-milling and textile center and also produces machine tools. ...

(Encyclopedia) Bolshevism and Menshevism bōlˈshəvĭzəm, bŏlˈ–, mĕnˈshəvĭzəm [key], the two main branches of Russian socialism from 1903 until the consolidation of the Bolshevik dictatorship under Lenin ...

(Encyclopedia) Charles XII, 1682–1718, king of Sweden (1697–1718), son and successor of Charles XI. The regency under which he succeeded was abolished in 1697 at the request of the Riksdag. At the coronation he ...

(Encyclopedia) Kem kĕm [key], river, c.240 mi (390 km) long, Karelia, NW European Russia. It rises SE of Kuusamo, Finland, and flows E into the White Sea. ...

(Encyclopedia) Kiselevsk kēsĭˈlyôfskˌ [key], city (1989 pop. 128,000), S Siberian Russia. It is a major coal-mining center in the Kuznetsk Basin and also manufactures mining machinery. ...

(Encyclopedia) Koshtan-Tau kəshtänˌ-touˈ, kôshˌtän– [key], peak, c.16,880 ft (5,150 m) high, Kabardino-Balkar Republic, S European Russia, in the central Greater Caucasus. ...

(Encyclopedia) Volsk vôlsk [key], city (1989 pop. 66,000), S central European Russia, a port on the Volga River. It has food and metal processing and cement industries. ...