Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Tiber tīˈbər [key], Ital. Tevere, Latin Tiberis, river, 251 mi (404 km) long, rising in the Etruscan Apennines, central Italy. It flows generally S across Tuscany, Umbria, and N Latium, then SW thr...

(Encyclopedia) Gavazzi, Alessandro älĕs-sänˈdrō gävätˈtsē [key], 1809–89, Italian preacher and patriot. A Barnabite monk, he left the order in 1848. His liberal ideas and disillusionment with the social o...

(Encyclopedia) Temple University, mainly in Philadelphia; coeducational; founded 1884 by Russell H. Conwell, chartered 1888 as a college, became a university 1907. In 1965 the university became a state-related insti...

(Encyclopedia) Milo (Titus Annius Papianus Milo), 95 b.c.–47 b.c., Roman partisan leader. As tribune of the people (57 b.c.) he obtained the recall from exile of Cicero. At the insistence of Pompey, Milo hired a g...

(Encyclopedia) Athens ăthˈĭnz [key], Gr. Athínai, city (2021 urban agglomeration pop. 3,153,000), capital of Greece, E central Greece, on the plain of Attica, between the Kifisós an...

(Encyclopedia) Claude Lorrain zhəlāˈ [key], 1600–1682, French painter, b. Lorraine. Claude was the foremost landscape painter of his time. In Rome at about 12 years of age he was employed as a pastry cook for t...

(Encyclopedia) Farnesina färnāzēˈnä [key], villa in Rome, Italy, built (1508–11) by Peruzzi for the banker Agostino Chigi at the foot of the Janiculum on the right bank of the Tiber. One of the finest example...

(Encyclopedia) Maury, Jean Siffrein zhäN sēfrăNˈ môrēˈ [key], 1746–1817, French churchman, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. A court preacher and writer before the French Revolution, he was known in th...

(Encyclopedia) Constantine V (Constantine Copronymus), 718–75, Byzantine emperor (741–75), son and successor of Leo III. An able general and administrator, he fought successfully against the Arabs, Slavs, and Bu...

(Encyclopedia) Birmingham bûrˈmĭngəm [key], city and metropolitan borough (2021 city pop. 2,606,374; met...