Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Schmidt-Rottluff, Karl shmĭt-rŏtˈlo͝of [key], 1884–1976, German painter and woodcut artist. Schmidt-Rottluff cofounded and named the Brücke in 1905. After moving to Berlin in 1911, he developed...

(Encyclopedia) Beaubourg zhôrzh pôNpēdo͞oˈ [key], museum in Paris, France; the popular name is derived from the district in which it is located. Proposed by French president Georges Pompidou in 1969, the center...

(Encyclopedia) Temple University, mainly in Philadelphia; coeducational; founded 1884 by Russell H. Conwell, chartered 1888 as a college, became a university 1907. In 1965 the university became a state-related insti...

(Encyclopedia) Nagoya näˌgōˈyä [key], city (1990 pop. 2,154,793), capital of Aichi prefecture, central Honshu, Japan, on Ise Bay. A major port, transportation hub, and industrial center, it has iron- and steelw...

(Encyclopedia) Independence Hall, historic building on Independence Square, downtown Philadelphia, in Independence National Historical Park. Originally constructed as the Pennsylvania colony's statehouse in 1732, th...

(Encyclopedia) Bosch, Hieronymus, or Jerom Bos hērônˈĭməs, yāˈrôm bôs [key], c.1450–1516, Flemish painter. His surname was originally van Aeken; Bosch refers to 's-Hertogenbosch (popularly called Den Bosc...

(Encyclopedia) nimbus nĭmˈbəs [key], in art, the luminous disk or circle or other indication of light around the head of a sacred personage. It was used in Buddhist and other Asian art and by the early Greeks and...

(Encyclopedia) Christian art and architecture: see especially the survey articles on Early Christian art and architecture, Byzantine art and architecture, Coptic art, Merovingian art and architecture, Carolingian ar...

(Encyclopedia) Bruyn, Barthel Bartholomaeus bärˈtəl bärˌtōlōmāˈo͞os broin [key], 1493–1555, German Renaissance painter, active in Cologne from 1515. Known especially for his portraits, which combine Nort...

(Encyclopedia) Gainsborough, Thomas gānzˈbûrˌō [key], 1727–88, English portrait and landscape painter, b. Sudbury. In 1740 he went to London and became the assistant and pupil of the French engraver Hubert Gr...