Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Paul VI, Saint, 1897–1978, pope (1963–78), an Italian (b. Concesio, near Brescia) named Giovanni Battista Montini; successor of John XXIII. The broader international outlook of the Vatican unde...

(Encyclopedia) William II, 1859–1941, emperor of Germany and king of Prussia (1888–1918), son and successor of Frederick III and grandson of William I of Germany and of Queen Victoria of England. After the out...

(Encyclopedia) Gondi, Paul de: see Retz, Jean François Paul de Gondi, Cardinal de. ...

(Encyclopedia) Cambon, Pierre Paul käNbôNˈ [key], 1843–1924, French diplomat; brother of Jules Martin Cambon. Named resident minister to Tunis in 1882, he conceived and organized the new Tunisian protectorate ...

(Encyclopedia) Capelle, Eduard von āˈdo͞oärt fən käpĕlˈə [key], 1855–1931, German admiral. As secretary for the navy (1916–18) he reinstituted (1917) unrestricted submarine warfare in World War I. ...

(Encyclopedia) Painlevé, Paul pōl păNləvāˈ [key], 1863–1933, French statesman and mathematician. A mathematical prodigy when a child, he entered on a career devoted to science. He was a professor at the Sorb...

(Encyclopedia) Bourget, Paul pôl bo͞orzhāˈ [key], 1852–1935, French novelist. His early novels were naturalistic, but Le Disciple (1889, tr. 1901), a tale of the destruction of a pupil who applies his master's...

(Encyclopedia) Simon, Paul, 1941–, American singer, songwriter, and guitarist, b. Newark, N.J. A polished and intelligent folk-rock lyricist and performer, he first gained fame as half of Simon and Garfunkel (with...

(Encyclopedia) Neidhart von Reuental nītˈhärt fən roiˈəntäl [key], c.1180–c.1245, Bavarian court poet. With his bright, humorous lyrics of village and peasant life, he introduced a new rustic note to the so...

(Encyclopedia) Sandrart, Joachim Von yōäˈkhĭm fən zäntˈrärt [key], 1606–88, German painter. An academic painter fond of chiaroscuro effects, Sandrart is best remembered for his comprehensive history of art...