Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Payer, Julius von pīˈər [key], 1842–1915, Austrian explorer and painter. While on an expedition (1872–74) to navigate the Northeast Passage with Karl Weyprecht, Payer accidentally found Franz J...

(Encyclopedia) Bock, Fedor von fāˈdôr fən bôk [key], 1880–1945, German field marshal. During World War II he led German armies in Poland, the Low Countries, France, and Russia. In 1941 he failed to take Mosco...

(Encyclopedia) Koerber, Ernest von fən körˈbər [key], 1850–1919, Austro-Hungarian prime minister. A career civil servant, he became prime minister (1900–1904) and made a vigorous but vain attempt to reconcil...

(Encyclopedia) Karajan, Herbert von käräyänˈ [key], 1908–89, Austrian conductor. Karajan began his conducting career in 1927. After World War II his reputation spread through Europe to the United States. He to...

(Encyclopedia) Wieser, Friedrich von frēˈdrĭkh fən vēˈzər [key], 1851–1926, Austrian economist and sociologist. He is noted for his formulas applying the principle of marginal utility to cost phenomena. He ...

(Encyclopedia) Boyen, Hermann von boiˈən [key], 1771–1848, Prussian field marshal. After the Prussian defeat by Emperor Napoleon I and the disastrous treaties of Tilsit in 1807 (see Sovetsk), he assisted Scharnh...

(Encyclopedia) Wolff or Wolf, Christian von krĭsˈtyän fən vôlf [key], 1679–1754, German philosopher. One of the first to use the German language instead of Latin, he systematized and popularized the doctrines...

(Encyclopedia) Müller, Johannes von yōhäˈnəs fən mülˈər [key], 1752–1809, Swiss historian. He spent much of his life in Germany, where he held political posts under the elector of Mainz, the king of Pruss...

(Encyclopedia) Otfried von Weissenburg ôtˈfrēt fən vīˈsənbo͝orkh [key], 9th-century German monk and poet; pupil of Rabanus Maurus Magnentius. His Liber Evangeliorum (863–71) is a counterpart in Old High Ge...

(Encyclopedia) Piloty, Karl von kärl fən pēlōˈtē [key], 1826–86, German historical painter; son of Ferdinand Piloty (1786–1844), a noted German lithographer. Karl first won recognition for his genre painti...