Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Lausanne, Treaty of, 1922–23. The peace treaty (see Sèvres, Treaty of) imposed by the Allies on the Ottoman Empire after World War I had virtually destroyed Turkey as a national state. The treaty w...

(Encyclopedia) onion, plant of the family Liliaceae (lily family), of the same genus (Allium) as the chive (A. schoenoprasum), garlic (A. sativum), leek (A. porrum), and shallot (A. ascalonium). These plants are cha...

(Encyclopedia) Ederle, Gertrude Caroline āˈdərlē [key], 1905–2003, American swimmer, b. New York City. Ederle won three medals in the 1924 Olympic games. On Aug. 6, 1926, she became the first woman to swim the...

(Encyclopedia) Hesychius of Alexandria hēsĭkˈēəs [key], fl. 5th cent.?, Alexandrian grammarian. Hesychius is known as the compiler of an invaluable lexicon, a glossary of unusual words and expressions occurring...

(Encyclopedia) Roman art, works of art produced in ancient Rome and its far-flung provinces. The continued striving after three-dimensional illusionist effects revealed in the various phases of painting was dup...

(Encyclopedia) Cylon sīˈlän [key], fl. 7th cent. b.c., Athenian nobleman. After a triumph in the Olympic games, Cylon, at the instigation and with the support of his father-in-law, Theagenes, the tyrant of Megara...

(Encyclopedia) enamel, a siliceous substance fusible upon metal. It may be so compounded as to be transparent or opaque and with or without color, but it is usually employed to add decorative color. It was used to d...

(Encyclopedia)  CE5 Green amaranth, Amaranthus retroflexus amaranth ămˈərănthˌ [key] [Gr.,=unfading], common name for the Amaranthaceae (also commonly known as the pigweed family), a family of herbs, trees, ...

(Encyclopedia) Pindus pĭnˈdəs [key], Gr. Píndhos, chief mountain range of Greece, extending c.100 mi (160 km) S from the Albanian border through NW Greece. Mt. Smólikas (8,650 ft/2,637 m) is the highest peak. T...

(Encyclopedia) Park City, town (1990 pop. 4,468), Summit co., N central Utah, in the Wasatch Range. A former mining town whose silver and other deposits were mined out, it was a nearly ghost town by the 1950s but ha...