Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Boyd, Louise Arner, 1887–1972, American arctic explorer, b. San Rafael, Calif. She led a series of scientific explorations on the east coast of Greenland. The expedition of 1933, sponsored by the Am...

(Encyclopedia) Sinuiju sēnˈo͝oˈēˈjo͞o [key], Jap. Shingishu, city (1993 pop. 326,011), W North Korea, on the Yellow Sea (or West Sea) at the mouth of the Yalu River. A main northern gateway to Korea, it devel...

(Encyclopedia) Zuider Zee zīˈdər zē, zā, Du. zoiˈdər zā [key], former shallow inlet of the North Sea, c.80 mi (130 km) long, indenting NE Netherlands. In ancient times Lake Flevo, it was joined to the North ...

(Encyclopedia) Ranjit Singh rŭnˈjĭt sĭng [key], 1780–1839, Indian maharaja, ruler of the Sikhs. Seizing Lahore (1799) and Amritsar (1809), he established himself as the leading Sikh chieftain. In 1809 he made ...

(Encyclopedia) ash, in botany, any plant of the genus Fraxinus of the family Oleaceae (olive family), trees and shrubs mainly of north temperate regions. The ashes are characterized by small clusters of greenish flo...

(Encyclopedia) chart, term referring to maps prepared for marine navigation and for air navigation. All charts show, in some convenient scale, geographic features useful to the navigator, as well as indications of d...

(Encyclopedia) vole, name for a large number of mouselike rodents, related to the lemmings. Most range in length from 31⁄2 to 7 in. (9–18 cm) and have rounded bodies with gray or brown coats, blunt muzzles, smal...

(Encyclopedia) Saint Croix. 1 River, 75 mi (121 km) long, rising in the Chiputneticook Lakes and flowing SE to Passamaquoddy Bay, forming part of the U.S.-Canada border; navigable to Calais, Maine. The river is used...

(Encyclopedia) Islington ĭzˈlĭngtən [key], inner borough of Greater London, SE England. Islington, in the ...

(Encyclopedia) Martin, François Xavier fräNswäˈ zävyāˈ märtăNˈ [key], 1762–1846, American jurist, b. Marseilles, France. He emigrated to the United States (c.1786) and was admitted to the North Carolina ...