Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Guardi, Francesco fränchāsˈkō gwärˈdē [key], 1712–93, Venetian landscape and architectural painter. A follower of Canaletto, he developed a freer style of great brilliance. Guardi's work rang...

(Encyclopedia) Hurd, Peter, 1904–84, American painter, b. Roswell, N.Mex. Hurd left West Point to study art at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. He worked as apprentice to the painter N. C. Wyeth and marr...

(Encyclopedia) Loyola University of Chicago, at Chicago; Jesuit; coeducational; est. 1870 as St. Ignatius College, present name adopted 1909. It has a liberal arts college and a graduate school, as well as schools o...

(Encyclopedia) Philadelphia Museum of Art, established in 1875, chartered in 1876. When the city of Philadelphia planned to erect a building to house the Centennial Exposition of 1876, provision was made to keep the...

(Encyclopedia) outsider art, artwork created by typically unconventional and untrained artists from the margins of society and the art world. The term was coined in 1972 by British scholar and art critic Roger Cardi...

(Encyclopedia) Dutch art, the art of the region that is now the Netherlands. As a distinct national style, this art dates from about the turn of the 17th cent., when the country emerged as a political entity and dev...

(Encyclopedia) Shannon, Sir James Jebusa, 1862–1923, English portrait and figure painter, b. Auburn, N.Y. To study art he moved (1878) to London, where he won recognition from English society and became one of Eng...

(Encyclopedia) Crespi, Giuseppe Maria krāsˈpē [key], 1665–1747, Italian painter of the Bolognese school, called Lo Spagnuolo. He is well represented in and around Bologna. His best-known works are the imposing...

(Encyclopedia) Kupka, Frank or František fränˈtyĭshĕk ko͝opˈkä [key], 1871–1957, Czech painter, etcher, and illustrator. Kupka illustrated works by Reclus and Leconte de Lisle and an edition of Aristophane...

(Encyclopedia) Clark, Kenneth MacKenzie (Lord Clark of Saltwood), 1903–83, English art historian, studied Oxford. After working with Bernard Berenson in Florence, Clark was keeper of the department of fine art at ...