Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Girardin, Émile de də zhērärdăNˈ [key], 1806–81, French journalist. He was editor of La Presse (1836–56, 1862–66), La Liberté (1866–70), and La France (1874). Actively interested in po...

(Encyclopedia) Reszke, Jean de zhäN də rĕshˈkē [key], 1850–1935, Polish singer. His voice, at first a baritone, developed into one of the finest tenors of the 19th cent. He first appeared as a tenor in Madrid...

(Encyclopedia) Comines, Philippe de fēlēpˈ də kōmēnˈ [key], c.1447–c.1511, French historian, courtier, and diplomat. In 1472 he left the service of Charles the Bold of Burgundy to enter that of Louis XI of ...

(Encyclopedia) Alcalá de Henares älkäläˈ dā ānäˈrās [key], town, Madrid prov., central Spain, on the Henares River. Chemicals, plastics, electrical appliances, leather, and chi...

(Encyclopedia) Fort-de-France fôr-də-fräNs [key], city, capital of the French overseas dept. of Martinique, West Indies. It is a ...

(Encyclopedia) De Gasperi, Alcide älchēˈdā dā gäˈspārē [key], 1881–1954, Italian premier and a founder of the Christian Democratic party. Born in the Trentino—then under Austria—he represented Italian...

(Encyclopedia) Voltaire, François Marie Arouet de fräNswäˈ märēˈ ärwāˈ də vôltĕrˈ [key], 1694–1778, French philosopher and author, whose original name was Arouet. One of the towering geniuses in lite...

(Encyclopedia) Bayle, Pierre pyĕr bāl [key], 1647–1706, French philosopher. Born a Huguenot, he converted to Roman Catholicism and then returned to Protestantism. To avoid French intolerance of Protestants, he m...

(Encyclopedia) Lorenzo de' Medici. For the members of the Medici family thus named, use Medici, Lorenzo de'. ...

(Encyclopedia) Suffren de Saint-Tropez, Pierre André de pyĕr äNdrāˈ də süfrĕnˈ də săN-trôpāˈ [key], 1726–88, French admiral. He participated in naval warfare in the War of the Austrian Succession and...