Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Mary Washington College, mainly at Fredericksburg, Va.; state supported; chartered 1908 as the State Normal and Industrial School for Women; first given its present name in 1938; coeducational since 1...

(Encyclopedia) Duruy, Victor vēktôrˈ dürüēˈ [key], 1811–94, French historian. He was a professor at Reims and Paris, and as minister of public instruction (1863–69) under Napoleon III he encouraged the ad...

(Encyclopedia) Bracknell brăkˈnəl [key], town, Bracknell Forest, S England. Bracknell was designated one of the new towns in 1949, in order to alleviate overpopulation in London. In 1949, Bracknell was a market t...

(Encyclopedia) Head Start, U.S. educational program for disadvantaged preschool children, established under the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. Aimed initially only at poor children, its purpose was to organize pr...

(Encyclopedia) Kerschensteiner, Georg Michael gēˈôrg mĭshˈal kârˈshan-shtīˌnûr [key], 1854–1932, German educational theorist. Educated in Munich, he taught math in Nuremberg and Schweinfurt, he was direc...

(Encyclopedia) Estrada Cabrera, Manuel mänwĕlˈ esträˈᵺä käbrāˈrä [key], 1857–1924, president of Guatemala (1898–1920). He ruled as an absolute dictator, and there were several revolutionary movements...

(Encyclopedia) Bradman, Sir Donald George, 1908–2001, Australian cricketeer, widely considered the sport's greatest player and one of the world's most outstanding athletes, b. Cootamundra. His 20-year-long cricket...

(Encyclopedia) Gilman, Daniel Coit, 1831–1908, American educator, first president of Johns Hopkins Univ., b. Norwich, Conn., grad. Yale, 1852. After serving as attaché (1853–55) of the American legation at St. ...

(Encyclopedia) Montessori, Maria märēˈä mōntās-sôˈrē [key], 1870–1952, Italian educator and physician. She was the originator of the Montessori method of education for young children and was the first wom...

(Encyclopedia) Wind Cave National Park, 28,295 acres (11,459 hectares), in the Black Hills, SW S.Dak.; est. 1903. Wind Cave, discovered in 1881, was named for the strong air currents that blow alternately in and out...