Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Hartigan, Grace, 1922–2008, American painter, b. Newark, N.J. Hartigan moved to Manhattan in 1945 and began painting semiabstract canvases after her introduction to the works of the abstract express...

(Encyclopedia) Gratz, Barnard grăts [key], 1738–1801, American merchant, b. Langensdorf, Upper Silesia. Having worked in his cousin's countinghouse in London, Gratz emigrated (1754) to Philadelphia, where he beca...

(Encyclopedia) Makemie, Francis məkĕˈmē [key], c.1658–1708, American clergyman, considered the founder of Presbyterianism in America. Born in Ireland, he studied in Scotland and c.1682 was ordained a missionar...

(Encyclopedia) Merryman, ex parte, case decided in 1861 by Chief Justice Roger B. Taney sitting as a federal circuit judge in Baltimore. John Merryman, a citizen of Maryland, was imprisoned by the U.S. army on suspi...

(Encyclopedia) Nemacolin's Path nĕmˈəkōˌlĭnz [key], Native American trail between the Potomac and the Monongahela rivers, going from the site of Cumberland, Md., to the mouth of Redstone Creek, where Brownsvil...

(Encyclopedia) Henson, Josiah, 1789–1883, black slave, reputedly the basis of the character of Uncle Tom in Uncle Tom's Cabin, b. Charles co., Md. In 1825 he faithfully led a party of his master's slaves from Mary...

(Encyclopedia) Frederick, city (2020 pop. 78,171), seat of Frederick co., NW Md.; settled 1745, inc. 1817. The processing center of a fertile farm and dairying area, i...

(Encyclopedia) Boehm, Martin bām [key], 1725–1812, American evangelical preacher, b. Conestoga, Pa. He was the son of a Palatinate Mennonite who settled in Lancaster co., Pa. Boehm became a Mennonite preacher c.1...

(Encyclopedia) Hauptman, Herbert Aaron houptˈmän [key], 1917–2011, American chemist, b. Bronx, N.Y., grad. City College of New York (B.S., 1937) and Univ. of Maryland (Ph.D., 1955). In 1985, Hauptman and former ...

(Encyclopedia) Schelling, Thomas Crombie, 1921–2016, American economist and political scientist, b. Oakland, Calif., Ph.D. Harvard, 1951. He worked in the federal government before teaching at Yale (1953–58), Ha...