Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Daubenton, Louis Jean Marie lwē zhäN märēˈ dōbäNtôNˈ [key], 1716–1800, French naturalist. He was a professor at the Collège de France from 1778; his work touched many fields—comparative ...

(Encyclopedia) Portalis, Jean Étienne Marie zhäN ātyĕnˈ märēˈ pôrtälēsˈ [key], 1746–1807, French statesman and lawyer. A moderate, he was suspected of royalist sympathies during the French Revolution b...

(Encyclopedia) Caylus, Marie Marguerite, comtesse de kālüsˈ [key], 1673–1729, French writer and actress. A noted beauty and wit, she was lauded for her performance at Saint-Cyr in Racine's Esther. Her Souvenir...

(Encyclopedia) Legendre, Adrien Marie ädrēăNˈ märēˈ ləzhäNˈdrə [key], 1752–1833, French mathematician. He is noted especially for his work on the theory of numbers, on which he wrote an essay (1798) con...

(Encyclopedia) Lehn, Jean-Marie zhäNˈ-märēˈ lĕN [key], 1939–, French chemist, Ph.D. Univ. of Strasbourg, 1963. A professor at Louis Pasteur Univ. (1970–78) and the Collège de France (1979–), Lehn did gr...

(Encyclopedia) Garnier, Marie Joseph François gärnyāˈ [key], 1839–73, French explorer and naval officer, usually known as Francis Garnier. He served (1860–62) against Annam and China, then in the administra...

(Encyclopedia) Bichat, Marie François Xavier märēˈ fräNswäˈ zävyāˈ bēshäˈ [key], 1771–1802, French anatomist and physiologist. He studied the tissues, giving them that name and classifying them into 2...

(Encyclopedia) Raffet, Denis Auguste Marie dənēˈ ōgüstˈ märēˈ räfāˈ [key], 1804–60, French lithographer and illustrator; student of Charlet and of Gros. He attained an individual style in his series de...

(Encyclopedia) Pompadour, Jeanne Antoinette Poisson Le Normant d'Étioles, marquise de pŏmˈpədôr, Fr. zhän äNtwänĕtˈ pwäsôNˈ lə nôrmäNˈ dātyôlˈ märkēzˈ də pôNpädo͞orˈ [key], 1721–64, mis...

(Encyclopedia) Couperus, Louis Marie Anne lwē märēˈ än ko͞opāˈro͝os [key], 1863–1923, Dutch novelist. In his early works he emphasized with graceful irony the determining forces of human history and envir...