Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) birth control, practice of contraception for the purpose of limiting reproduction. Although contraceptive techniques had been known in ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, the modern movement for birth ...

(Encyclopedia) Lindsey, Benjamin Barr (Ben Lindsey), 1869–1943, American judge and reformer, b. Jackson, Tenn. As judge of the juvenile court of Denver from 1900 to 1927, he founded the American juvenile court sys...

(Encyclopedia) Ashton, Catherine Margaret, Baroness Ashton of Upholland, 1956– British government official. She was an administrator for the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (1977–83), director of Business in th...

(Encyclopedia) Collins, Anthony, 1676–1729, English theologian; a friend of John Locke. He set forth the position of the deists and defended the cause of rational theology. His Discourse of Free Thinking (1713) wa...

(Encyclopedia) Sweet, Henry, 1845–1912, English philologist and phonetician. An authority on Anglo-Saxon and the history of the English language, Sweet was also a pioneer in modern scientific phonetics. His Histor...

(Encyclopedia) Douglas, Archibald, 6th earl of Angus, 1489–1557, Scottish nobleman; grandson of Archibald Douglas, 5th earl of Douglas. His marriage (1514) to Margaret Tudor alienated the Scottish noblemen and cau...

(Encyclopedia) Talca tälˈkä [key], city (1990 est. pop. 164,500), capital of Maule region, S central Chile, in the central valley of Chile between Santiago and Concepción. Chile's greatest wine-producing area, T...

(Encyclopedia) Vicuña Mackenna, Benjamin bānhämēnˈ vēko͞oˈnyä mäkāˈnä [key], 1831–86, Chilean historian and journalist. A vigorous opponent of the conservative government of Manuel Montt, he was sente...

(Encyclopedia)  Fluxus , an international art movement of the late 1950s-‘60s that emphasized process over finished product and interdisciplinary work. Lithuanian-bo...

(Encyclopedia) Osorno ōsōrˈnō [key], city (1990 est. pop. 117,400), Los Lagos region, S central Chile, in the heart of the lake district. Osorno is chiefly an agricultural processing and distribution center. Fou...