Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Boston Massacre, 1770, pre-Revolutionary incident growing out of the resentment against the British troops sent to Boston to maintain order and to enforce the Townshend Acts. The troops, constantly to...

(Encyclopedia) Jehoahaz jōˈəhăz [key]. 1 In Second Kings, king of Israel (c.821–805 b.c.), son and successor of Jehu. He presided over an era of severe reduction of territory and prestige for the northern king...

(Encyclopedia) Zephaniah zĕfˌənīˈə [key], prophetic book of the Bible. The prophet, who lived in the reign (c.640–609 b.c.) of King Josiah of Judah, traces his genealogy to King Hezekiah. Zephaniah denounces...

(Encyclopedia) regicides rĕjˈĭsīdz [key] [Lat., =king-killers], in English history, name given to those judges and court officers responsible for the trial and execution of Charles I in 1649. After the Restorati...

(Encyclopedia) lyceum līsēˈəm, līˈ– [key], 19th-century American association for popular instruction of adults by lectures, concerts, and other methods. Lyceum groups were concerned with the dissemination of...

(Encyclopedia) Child, Sir John, d. 1690, English administrator in India. In 1680 he was appointed the British East India Company's agent at Surat, then the company's main factory (i.e., trading station) in W India. ...

(Encyclopedia) Zedekiah zĕdˌəkīˈə [key], in the Bible. 1 Last king of Judah. He was the third son of Josiah to occupy the throne, the others being Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim. Zedekiah, whose name was originally Ma...

(Encyclopedia) Gournay, Vincent de văNsäNˈ də go͞ornāˈ [key], 1712–59, French economist, precursor of the physiocrats and of Adam Smith. A wealthy merchant, he was in government service as intendant of comm...

(Encyclopedia) Johanan jōhāˈnăn [key] [short form of Jehohanan], in the Bible. 1 Captain who led in the rescue of the captives of Ishmael. 2 Descendant of David. 3, 4 Two of David's men. 5 Chief priest. He also ...

(Encyclopedia) Lewis, Clarence Irving, 1883–1964, American philosopher, b. Stoneham, Mass., grad. Harvard (B.A., 1906; Ph.D., 1910). After teaching (1911–20) at the Univ. of California, he was professor of philo...