Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Temple, Shirley, 1928–2014, American child film star, b. Santa Monica, Calif., as Shirley Jane Temple. She started in movies at three-and-a-half and starred in her first feature (Stand Up and Cheer!...

(Encyclopedia) American art, the art of the North American colonies and of the United States. There are separate articles on American architecture, North American Native art, pre-Columbian art and architecture, Mexi...

(Encyclopedia) Erskine, John, 1879–1951, American educator, author, and musician, b. New York City, grad. Columbia (B.A., 1900; Ph.D., 1903). He taught first at Amherst (1903–9) and then at Columbia, becoming pr...

(Encyclopedia) Sarpi, Paolo päˈōlō särˈpē [key], 1552–1623, Venetian councillor, theologian, and historian. In 1565 he became a Servite friar and later theologian and adviser to the republic. In the conflic...

(Encyclopedia) Native American music. The music of Native North Americans is primarily a vocal art, usually choral, although some nations favor solo singing. Native American music is entirely melodic; there is no ha...

(Encyclopedia) Ghent, Treaty of, 1814, agreement ending the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain. It was signed at Ghent, Belgium, on Dec. 24, 1814, and ratified by the U.S. Senate in Feb., 1815. ...

(Encyclopedia) Kerrville kûrˈvĭl [key], city (1990 pop. 17,384), seat of Kerr co., S central Tex., on the Guadalupe River; settled 1846, inc. 1942. Kerrville has an active livestock industry (cattle, sheep, goats...

(Encyclopedia) Peleth pēˈlĕth [key]. 1 Reubenite, perhaps the same as Pallu. Num. 16.1. 2 Son of Jonathan. 1 Chron. 2.33. ...

(Encyclopedia) Alexander Balas bāˈləs [key], d. 145 b.c., ruler of Syria, putative son of Antiochus IV. He seized power from his uncle Demetrius I (c.152 b.c.); Jonathan the Maccabee supported him. He died in bat...

(Encyclopedia) Congregationalism, type of Protestant church organization in which each congregation, or local church, has free control of its own affairs. The underlying principle is that each local congregation has...