Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Milledge, John mĭlˈĭj [key], 1757–1818, American political leader, b. Savannah, Ga. In the American Revolution he was a prominent figure in the group that seized (1775) the colonial government at...

(Encyclopedia) Boston Public Library, founded in 1848, chiefly through the gift of Joshua Bates, and opened to the public in 1854. It is the oldest free public city library supported by taxation in the world and the...

(Encyclopedia) Hayman, Francis, 1708–76, English painter. Influenced by the French rococo style, Hayman painted conversation pieces—landscape scenes peopled by fashionable contemporaries (see portraiture). He al...

(Encyclopedia) Stevens, Alfred Émile, 1823–1906, Belgian portrait and genre painter. He often lived in Paris and exhibited there regularly. His chief subjects, painted with admirable technique and color, were soc...

(Encyclopedia) St. John, John Pierce, 1833–1916, American political reformer, b. Brookville, Ind. He traveled in the West and in South America, fought in the Union army in the Civil War, and after 1869 practiced l...

(Encyclopedia) Mierevelt, Miereveld, or Miereveldt, Michiel Janszen van all: mēkhēlˈ yänˈsən vän mēˈrəvĕlt [key], 1567–1641, Dutch portrait painter. He was court painter to the house of Orange, working ...

(Encyclopedia) Nattier, Jean-Marc zhäN-märk nätyāˈ [key], 1685–1766, French painter; son of the painter Marc Nattier and the miniaturist Marie Courtois. His early works include historical and mythological pai...

(Encyclopedia) Ramsay, Allan, 1685?–1758, Scottish poet. An Edinburgh bookseller, he opened one of the first circulating libraries in Great Britain. The Gentle Shepherd (1725), a pastoral comedy, is his most famou...

(Encyclopedia) Fabritius, Carel bärˈənt [key], 1624–73, worked in a similar though less accomplished manner, influenced by Maes as well as Rembrandt. Barent's portrait of the Van der Helm family (1655) is in th...

(Encyclopedia) Millais, Sir John Everett mĭlāˈ [key], 1829–96, English painter. A prodigy, he began studying at the Royal Academy at the age of 11. In 1848, together with William Holman Hunt and Dante Gabriel R...