Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Sauvage, Jean-Pierre, 1944–, French chemist, Ph.D. Univ. of Strasbourg, 1971. He has spent his entire career as a researcher at the National Center for Scientific Research and a professor at the Uni...

(Encyclopedia) Le Verrier, Urbain Jean Joseph ürbăNˈ zhäN zhôzĕfˈ ləvĕryāˈ [key], 1811–77, French astronomer who made calculations that led to the discovery of the planet Neptune. In considering the per...

(Encyclopedia) Le Pen, Jean-Marie zhŏnˌ-märēˈ lə pĕn, pŏN [key], 1928–, French politician. He graduated from law school, was elected (1956) a parliamentary deputy, and criticized President de Gaulle's Alge...

(Encyclopedia) Corot, Jean-Baptiste Camille zhäN-bätēstˈ kämēˈyə kôrōˈ [key], 1796–1875, French landscape painter, b. Paris. Corot was one of the most influential of 19th-century painters. The son of sh...

(Encyclopedia) Machault d'Arnouville, Jean Baptiste de zhäN bätēstˈ də mäshōˈ därno͞ovēlˈ [key], 1701–94, French statesman. He held a succession of government offices and was (1743–45) intendant of V...

(Encyclopedia) Géricault, Jean Louis André Théodore zhäN lwē äNdrāˈ tāōdôrˈ zhārēkōˈ [key], 1791–1824, French painter. He studied with Antoine Vernet and with Pierre Guérin, in whose studio he met...

(Encyclopedia) Martignac, Jean Baptiste Sylvère Gay, vicomte de zhäN bätēstˈ sēlvĕrˈ gā vēkôNtˈ də märtēnyäkˈ [key], 1778–1832, French statesman. He was elected (1821) to the chamber of deputies a...

(Encyclopedia) Saint-Vallier, Jean Baptiste de la Croix zhäN bätēstˈ də lä krwä săN-välyāˈ [key], 1653–1727, Roman Catholic bishop of Quebec, b. France. He succeeded François Xavier de Laval in 1688 af...

(Encyclopedia) collage kəläzhˈ, kō– [key] [Fr.,=pasting], technique in art consisting of cutting and pasting natural or manufactured materials to a painted or unpainted surface—hence, a work of art in this m...

(Encyclopedia) Grolier de Servières, Jean, vicomte d'Aguisy grōlˈyər, Fr. zhäN grôlyāˈ də sĕrvyĕrˈ vēkôNtˈ dägēzēˈ [key], 1479–1565, French bibliophile. Grolier served Francis I as government tr...