Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Pétain, Henri Philippe äNrēˈ fēlēpˈ pātăNˈ [key], 1856–1951, French army officer, head of state of the Vichy government (see under Vichy). In World War I he halted the Germans at Verdun (1...

(Encyclopedia) Rampal, Jean-Pierre, 1922–2000, French virtuoso flutist. He played in several chamber groups but was most celebrated as a soloist of great brilliance. ...

(Encyclopedia) Championnet, Jean Étienne zhäN ātyĕnˈ shäNpyônĕˈ [key], 1762–1800, French general in the French Revolutionary Wars. Placed in command of the Army of Rome in 1798, he captured (1799) Naples ...

(Encyclopedia) Bagaza, Jean-Baptiste zhäN-bätēstˈ bägäzäˈ [key], 1946–2016, Burundian army officer and political leader. An ethnic Tutsi, he was educated at Belgian military schools, rose through the ranks...

(Encyclopedia) Jusserand, Jean Jules zhäN zhül zhüsəräNˈ [key], 1855–1932, French diplomat and author, b. Lyon. After service in London, Constantinople, and Copenhagen, he was ambassador to the United States...

(Encyclopedia) Say, Jean Baptiste zhäN bätēstˈ sā [key], 1767–1832, French economist. In A Treatise on Political Economy (1803, tr. from the 4th ed. 1821) he effectively reorganized and popularized the theori...

(Encyclopedia) Tavernier, Jean Baptiste zhäN bätēstˈ tävĕrnyāˈ [key], 1605–89, French traveler in Asia. He undertook six voyages, which took him as far as the East Indies and Java, and he acquired a fortun...

(Encyclopedia) Bailly, Jean Sylvain zhäN sēlvăNˈ bäyēˈ [key], 1736–93, French astronomer and politician. His works on astronomy and on the history of science (notably the Essai sur la théorie des satellite...

(Encyclopedia) Brunhoff, Jean de lôräNˈ [key], 1925–, has continued the Babar series. ...

(Encyclopedia) Okeghem, Jean d': see Ockeghem, Johannes. ...