Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Huch, Ricarda rēkärˈdä ho͝okh [key], 1864–1947, German novelist, historian, and poet. She is best known for her historical romances of Garibaldi, Defeat and Victory (1906–7, tr. 1928, 1929), ...

(Encyclopedia) Roland Holst, Henriëtte (van der Schalk) hĕnrēĕtˈə vän dĕr skhälk rōˈlänt hôlst [key], 1869–1952, Dutch writer. Her early Sonnets and Poems Written in Terza Rima (1895) won praise for o...

(Encyclopedia) Ribera, Jusepe, José, or Giuseppe ho͞osāˈpā rēbāˈrä, hōsāˈ, jo͞ozĕpˈpā [key], c.1590–1652, Spanish baroque painter. He studied in Valencia and Rome but at an early age settled in Nap...

(Encyclopedia) Pierrot pēˌərōˈ [key] [Fr.,=little Peter], character in French pantomime. A buffoon, he wore a loose white tunic with big buttons, balloon sleeves, and white pantaloons. His face was painted whit...

(Encyclopedia) Sammartini, Giovanni Battista jōvänˈnē bät-tēsˈtä säm-märtēˈnē [key], c.1701–75, Italian composer. Sammartini lived most of his life in Milan. He was influential in the development of t...

(Encyclopedia) Grisi, Giulia jo͞oˈlyä grēˈzē [key], 1811–69, Italian operatic soprano. She toured the United States in 1854 with Giuseppe Mario, whom she married in 1856. Roles were written for her by Bellin...

(Encyclopedia) Bibiena or Bibbiena, Galli da gälˈlē dä bēbyāˈnä [key], family of Italian artists of the 17th and 18th cent. Giovanni Maria Galli da Bibiena, 1625–65, studied with Francesco Albani and paint...

(Encyclopedia) Como kōˈmō [key], city, capital of Como prov., Lombardy, N Italy, at the southwest end of ...

(Encyclopedia) Villari, Pasquale päskwäˈlā vēlˈlärē [key], 1826–1917, Italian historian and statesman. He took part in the Revolution of 1848, served in the legislative chamber (1867–82), and was ministe...

(Encyclopedia) Freemasonry, teachings and practices of the secret fraternal order officially known as the Free and Accepted Masons, or Ancient Free and Accepted Masons. Because of its identification with 19th-cent...