Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Rambert, Dame Marie, 1888–1982, a founder of the English ballet, b. Warsaw as Miriam Rambam. Trained by Jacques Dalcroze in eurythmics, Rambert joined the Diaghilev's Ballets Russes as an instructor...

(Encyclopedia) Malipiero, Gian Francesco jän fränchāˈskō mälēpyāˈrō [key], 1882–1973, Italian composer. Malipiero studied in Venice and Bologna with Enrico Bossi and taught at the Conservatory of Parma, ...

(Encyclopedia) Garofalo, Raffaele gärôˈfälō [key], 1851–1934, Italian jurist and criminologist. He studied at the Univ. of Naples, where he later taught law and criminal procedure. Second only to Enrico Ferr...

(Encyclopedia) quantum theory, modern physical theory concerned with the emission and absorption of energy by matter and with the motion of material particles; the quantum theory and the theory of relativity togethe...

(Encyclopedia) Bose-Einstein statistics, class of statistics that applies to elementary particles called bosons, which include the photon, pion, and the W and Z particles. Bosons have integral values of the quantum ...

(Encyclopedia) Donizetti, Gaetano gītäˈnō dōnēdzĕtˈtē [key], 1797–1848, Italian composer. He studied music in Bergamo and Bologna and achieved success with his first opera, Enrico di Borgogna (1818). His ...

(Encyclopedia) hydrofoil, flat or curved finlike device, attached by struts to the hull of a watercraft, that lifts the moving watercraft above the water's surface. The term is often extended to include the vessel i...

(Encyclopedia) Dandolo dänˈdōlō [key], ancient Venetian family that produced four doges, many admirals, and other prominent citizens. Enrico Dandolo, c.1108–1205, became doge in 1192. He is considered the foun...

(Encyclopedia) Lederman, Leon Max lĕdˈərmən [key], 1922–2018, American physicist, Ph.D. Columbia, 1951. He was a professor at Columbia until he became director of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in B...

(Encyclopedia) bimetallism bīmĕtˈəlĭzˌəm [key], in economic history, monetary system in which two commodities, usually gold and silver, were used as a standard and coined without limit at a ratio fixed by leg...