Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Frelinghuysen, Frederick Theodore frēˈlĭnghīˌzən [key], 1817–85, U.S. secretary of state (1881–85), b. Millstone, Somerset co., N.J. He studied law in the office of his uncle, Theodore Freli...

(Encyclopedia) Provençal literature, vernacular literature of S France. Provençal, or Occitan, as the language is now often called, appears to have been the first vernacular tongue used in French commerce and lite...

(Encyclopedia) Macri, Mauricio, 1959–, Argentinian political leader. After graduating from the Catholic Univ. of Argentina, he was active in his family's businesses in the 1980s and 90s before becoming president o...

(Encyclopedia) Hillquit, Morris, 1869–1933, American lawyer and Socialist leader, b. Riga, Latvia (then in Russia). He came to the United States in 1886. He was the leader of the right-wing, or constitutional, Soc...

(Encyclopedia) Odinga, Oginga ōgĭnˈgä ōdĭnˈgä [key], 1911–94, Kenyan political leader. A Luo, he was active in the Kenyan independence movement and later became (1960) vice president of the Kenya African N...

(Encyclopedia) Covington kŭvˈĭngtən [key], city (2020 pop. 40,181), seat of Kenton co., N central Ky., at the ...

(Encyclopedia) Fisk, James, 1834–72, American financial speculator, b. Pownal, Vt. In his youth he worked for a circus and as a wagon peddler of merchandise. During the Civil War he became wealthy purchasing cotto...

(Encyclopedia) Juan Fernández hwän fārnänˈdās [key], group of small islands, S Pacific, c.400 mi (640 km) W of Valparaiso, Chile. They belong to Chile and are constitutionally a special territory; they are adm...

(Encyclopedia) Sinyavsky, Andrey Donatovich ŭndrāˈ dōnätˈəvyĭchˌ sĭnyäfˈskē [key], 1925–97, Russian novelist and essayist. Starting in the 1960s, Sinyavsky, a protege of Boris Pasternak, had a number ...

(Encyclopedia) Webster-Ashburton Treaty, Aug., 1842, agreement concluded by the United States, represented by Secretary of State Daniel Webster, and Great Britain, represented by Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburto...