Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Emba ĕmˈbə [key], river, c.400 mi (640 km) long, W Kazakhstan. It rises in the Mugodzhar Mts. and flows SW into the Caspian Sea. The lower course traverses an area of salt domes and the petroleum-r...

(Encyclopedia) Astrakhan ăsˈtrəkăn, Rus. äˈstrəkhənyə [key], city (2020 pop. 535,000), capital of Astrakhan region, SE European Russia. A Caspian Sea port on the Volga R...

(Encyclopedia) Sari särēˈ [key], city (1991 pop. 167,602), capital of Mazandaran prov., N Iran, near the Caspian Sea. It is the trade center for a farm region where citrus fruit, cotton, rice, and sugarcane are g...

(Encyclopedia) White Sea, Rus. Beloye More, c.36,680 sq mi (95,000 sq km), NW European Russia, an inlet of the Barents Sea. Its northern section, opening into the Barents Sea between the Kola and Kanin peninsulas, i...

(Encyclopedia) Baltic Sea, arm of the Atlantic Ocean, c.163,000 sq mi (422,170 sq km), including the Kattegat strait, its northwestern extension. The Øresund, Store Bælt, and Lille Bælt connect the Baltic Sea wit...

(Encyclopedia) Tyrrhenian Sea tĭrēˈnēən [key], Ital. Tirreno, part of the Mediterranean Sea, c.475 mi (760 km) long and from 60 to 300 mi (97–483 km) wide, between the Ligurian Sea, the Italian peninsula, Sic...

(Encyclopedia) sea level, the level of the sea, which serves as the datum used for measurement of land elevations and ocean depths. Theoretically, one would expect sea level to be a fixed and permanent horizontal su...

(Encyclopedia) Laptev Sea läpˈtyĭf [key], section of the Arctic Ocean, c.250,900 sq mi (649,800 sq km), N Siberian Russia, between the Taymyr Peninsula and the New Siberian Islands. It is shallow sea and is froze...

(Encyclopedia) Red Sea, ancient Sinus Arabicus or Erythraean Sea, narrow sea, c.170,000 sq mi (440,300 sq km), c.1,450 mi (2,330 km) long and up to 225 mi ...

(Encyclopedia) Inland Sea, Jap. Seto-naikai, arm of the Pacific Ocean, c.3,670 sq mi (9,510 sq km), S Japan, between Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu islands. It is linked to the Sea of Japan by a narrow channel. The sha...