Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Darwin, Charles Robert, 1809–82, English naturalist, b. Shrewsbury; grandson of Erasmus Darwin and of Josiah Wedgwood. He firmly established the theory of organic evolution known as Darwinism. He st...

(Encyclopedia) ethics, in philosophy, the study and evaluation of human conduct in the light of moral principles. Moral principles may be viewed either as the standard of conduct that individuals have constructed fo...

(Encyclopedia) Iligan ēlēˈgän [key], city, capital of Lanao del Norte prov., W central Mindanao, the Phi...

(Encyclopedia) minority, in international law, population group with a characteristic culture and sense of identity occupying a subordinate political status. Religious minorities were known from ancient times, but e...

(Encyclopedia)  CE5 Antigua and Barbuda ăntēˈgə, –gwə, bärbo͞oˈdə, –byo͞oˈ– [key], independent Commonwealth nation (2020 est. pop. 97,928), 171 sq mi (442 sq km), We...

(Encyclopedia) Naruszewicz, Adam Stanislaw äˈdäm stänēsˈläf näro͞oshĕˈvēch [key], 1733–96, Polish historian. A Jesuit, he became, after the suppression of his order, bishop of Smolensk (1788) and of Lu...

(Encyclopedia) manifest destiny, belief held by many Americans in the 1840s that the United States was destined to expand across the continent, by force, as used against Native Americans, if necessary. The controver...

(Encyclopedia) Isabela ĭzəbĕlˈə, Span. ēsäbāˈlä [key], province, NE Luzon, the Philippines...

(Encyclopedia) National Trust, British association to preserve for the nation places of natural beauty or buildings of architectural or historic interest in the British Isles; founded 1894, chartered 1895. By act of...

(Encyclopedia) Alofi, village, capital of Niue, a South Pacific island nation in free association with New Zealand. Situated on Alofi Bay on Niue's W coast, it was the island's largest settlement and ...