Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Vigeland, Gustav go͝osˈtäv vēˈgəlän [key], 1869–1943, Norwegian sculptor. Vigeland's sculpture owed much to Rodin in stylistic realism but was imbued with an unrestrained romanticism and emot...

(Encyclopedia) Wied, Gustav go͝osˈtäf vēth [key], 1858–1914, Danish novelist, playwright, and short-story writer. Wied was celebrated as a humorist. His vision of humanity was cynical and bitter, reflected in ...

(Encyclopedia) extroversion and introversion, terms introduced into psychology by Carl Jung to identify opposite psychological types. Jung saw the activity of the extrovert directed toward the external world and tha...

(Encyclopedia) Kim Dae Jung kĭm dā jo͝ong [key], 1924–2009, president (1998–2003) of South Korea. A native of South Jeolla prov., Kim was a long-time campaigner for increased democracy and a writer on interna...

(Encyclopedia) Holst, Gustav hŏlst [key], 1874–1934, English composer, studied at the Royal College of Music. Grieg, Richard Strauss, and Ralph Vaughan Williams influenced his early work, but most of his music is...

(Encyclopedia) Hertz, Gustav go͝osˈtäf hĕrts [key], 1887–1975, German physicist. He is noted for his work on the atom, and he shared with James Franck the 1925 Nobel Prize in Physics for research (1914) on the...

(Encyclopedia) Cassel, Gustav go͝osˈtäf käˈsəl [key], 1866–1945, Swedish economist and authority on international monetary problems. He was a delegate to many world economic conferences and wrote valuable pa...

(Encyclopedia) Heinemann, Gustav go͝osˈtäf hīnˈəmän [key], 1899–1976, West German political leader. A corporation lawyer and wartime leader of the Confessing Church, he helped found the Christian Democratic...

(Encyclopedia) Freytag, Gustav go͝oˈstäf frīˈtäkh [key], 1816–95, German novelist and playwright. He taught at the Univ. of Breslau and edited the Grenzboten (1848–70). His most successful play, The Journa...

(Encyclopedia) Mahler, Gustav go͝osˈtäf mäˈlər [key], 1860–1911, composer and conductor, born in Austrian Bohemia of Jewish parentage. Mahler studied at the Univ. of Vienna and the Vienna Conservatory. He wa...