Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Union League Clubs, in U.S. history, organizations formed throughout the North in the Civil War after the military defeats and Republican election losses of 1862. A convention at Cleveland (May, 1863)...

(Encyclopedia) skimmer, common name for certain sea birds resembling the related tern. Skimmers (genus Rhynchops) have long, laterally compressed bills of which the lower mandible is one fourth longer than the movab...

(Encyclopedia) Spaulding, C. C. (Charles Clinton Spaulding), 1874–1952, African-American insurance executive, b. Columbus co., N.C. In 1900, Spaulding, who had previously worked as a grocery-store manager and part...

(Encyclopedia) Samsun sämso͞onˈ [key], city (1990 pop. 301,412), capital of Samsun prov., N Turkey, on the Black Sea. The most important Turkish port on the Black Sea, it is also a major tobacco-processing center...

(Encyclopedia) Nation of Islam: see Black Muslims. ...

(Encyclopedia) American Muslim Mission: see Black Muslims. ...

(Encyclopedia) yellow daisy: see black-eyed Susan. ...

(Encyclopedia) Warrior, river, Ala.: see Black Warrior. ...

(Encyclopedia) golden glow: see black-eyed Susan. ...

(Encyclopedia) gumbo, another name for okra; also applied in the W United States to a rich, black, alkaline alluvial soil, which is soapy or sticky when wet. ...