Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Sumerian and Babylonian art, works of art and architecture created by the Sumerian and Babylonian peoples of ancient Mesopotamia, civilizations which had an artistic tradition of remarkable antiquity,...

(Encyclopedia) Damrosch, Frank Heino hīˈnō dămˈrŏsh [key], 1859–1937, German-American conductor and educator, attended the College of the City of New York; son of Leopold Damrosch. In 1885, after a few years...

(Encyclopedia) Edinburgh, University of, at Edinburgh, Scotland; founded 1583. It has faculties of divinity, law, medicine, arts, science, music, social sciences, and veterinary medicine. The Institute for Advanced ...

(Encyclopedia) realism, in art, the movement of the mid-19th cent. formed in reaction against the severely academic production of the French school. Realist painters sought to portray what they saw without idealizin...

(Encyclopedia) Cordier, Andrew Wellington kôrˈdē-āˌ [key], 1901–75, American educator and public official, b. Canton, Ohio. He studied at Manchester College in Indiana, where he later taught (1923–44). He a...

(Encyclopedia) Ziegler, Karl tsēˈglər [key], 1898–1973, German chemist. Educated at the Univ. of Marburg, he taught at Heidelberg and Halle and for a short period at the Univ. of Chicago. He became director of ...

(Encyclopedia) English art and architecture, the distinctive national art and architecture that art may be said to have evolved in the 12th cent. with the Norman style. Building before that time was in what is commo...

(Encyclopedia) Whitaker, Charles Harris hwĭtˈəkər [key], 1872–1938, American architect and author, b. Rhode Island, studied art abroad. Editor (1913–27) of the journal of the American Institute of Architects...

(Encyclopedia) Monroe, Harriet, 1860–1936, American editor, critic, and poet, b. Chicago. In 1912 she founded Poetry: a Magazine of Verse, which paid and encouraged both established and new poets. Monroe's literar...

(Encyclopedia) Toledo, Francisco, 1940–2019, Mexican artist and activist, b. Francisco Benjamín López Toledo. He drew upon his Zapotec heritage for his paintings, drawings, prints, collages, ceramics, and tapest...