Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) emperor [Lat. imperator=one holding supreme power, especially applied to generals], the sovereign head of an empire. In the Roman republic the term imperator referred to the chief military commander a...

(Encyclopedia) Milstein, Nathan, 1904–92, Russian violinist, b. Odessa. Milstein attended the music school in Odessa before entering the St. Petersburg conservatory, where he studied under Leopold Auer. He toured ...

(Encyclopedia)  CE5 Belarus or Byelarus both: byĕˌləro͞osˈ [key], officially Republic of Belarus, republic (2020 est. pop. ...

(Encyclopedia) oblast ōˈbläst, ŏˈ–, Rus. ôˈbləstyə [key] [Rus.,=region], administrative and territorial division in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and the former USSR. In the USSR, oblasts in which the majorit...

(Encyclopedia) Tolstaya, Tatyana tōlstīˈyä [key], 1951–, Russian short-story writer and essayist. Increasingly recognized as one of the major European writers of the postwar generation, Tolstaya is part of a R...

(Encyclopedia) Zlatoust zlətəo͞ostˈ [key], city (1989 pop. 208,000), E European Russia, on the Ai River in the S Urals. It is a rail terminus and an old metallurgical center. Besides steel mills, the city has me...

(Encyclopedia) Nekrasov, Nikolai Alekseyevich nyĭkəlīˈ əlyĭksyāˈyəvĭch nyĭkräˈsəf [key], 1821–78, Russian poet, editor, and publisher. Nekrasov began writing poetry when he was seven. Disowned by his...

(Encyclopedia) Kingisepp kēnˌgĭsyĕpˈ [key], city, NW European Russia, SW of St. Petersburg, near the Estonian border, on the Luga River. A river port, it has leather and shoe industries. The site was settled in...

(Encyclopedia) Dufferin and Ava, Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st marquess of dŭfˈərĭn, äˈvə, āˈvə [key], 1826–1902, British diplomat. He served on numerous missions abroad, as governor-ge...

(Encyclopedia) George I, 1845–1913, king of the Hellenes (1863–1913), second son of Christian IX of Denmark. After the deposition (1862) of Otto I, he was elected to succeed on the throne of Greece. Much more ef...