Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Peixoto, Floriano flōrēäˈnō pāshōˈtō [key], 1842–95, Brazilian marshal and statesman, president of Brazil (1891–94). He took part in the establishment of the republic and was chosen vice ...

(Encyclopedia) Moreno, Lenín (Lenín Boltaire Moreno Garcés), 1953–, Ecuadorian political leader, president of Ecuador (2017–). Moreno was a manager in the private sector for several years before holding sever...

(Encyclopedia) Masire, Sir Ketumile (Quett Ketumile Joni Masire), 1925–2017, Botswanan political leader, president of Botswana (1980–98). He was a teacher and a farmer before taking up journalism and helping to ...

(Encyclopedia) Céspedes, Carlos Manuel de, 1871–1939, president of Cuba (1933), b. New York City; son of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes (1819–74). He actively participated in the Revolution of 1895 and the Spanish-...

(Encyclopedia) Blinken, Antony John, 1962–, U.S. government official, b. Yonkers, N.Y., J.D. Columbia, 1988. A Democrat, he served (1994–2001) on the staff of the National Security Council under President Clinto...

(Encyclopedia) Georgieva, Kristalina (Kristalina Ivanova Georgieva-Kinova), 1953–, Bulgarian economist. She studied at the Karl Marx Higher Institute of Economics (now the Univ. of National and World Economy) and ...

(Encyclopedia) Ibáñez del Campo, Carlos kärˈlōs ēbäˈnyās ᵺĕl kämˈpō [key], 1877–1960, president of Chile (1927–31, 1952–58). An army general who served as minister of war (1925–27) and vice pr...

(Encyclopedia) Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962, major cold war confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union. In response to the Bay of Pigs Invasion and other American actions against Cuba as well as to P...

(Encyclopedia) Baunsgård, Hilmar hĭlˈmər bounsˈgôr [key], 1920–90. Danish politician. A businessman, he was president of the youth organization of the Social-Liberal party (1948–50) and a member of the exe...

(Encyclopedia) Park, Rosemary, 1907–2004, American educator, b. Andover, Mass., grad. Radcliffe (B.A., 1928; M.A., 1929), Univ. of Cologne (Ph.D., 1934). She was instructor in German (1930–32) and acting dean of...