(Encyclopedia) Battle of Britain, in World War II, series of air battles between Great Britain and Germany, fought over Britain from Aug. to Oct., 1940. As a prelude to a planned invasion of England…
(Encyclopedia) Commune of Paris, insurrectionary governments in Paris formed during (1792) the French Revolution and at the end (1871) of the Franco-Prussian War. In the French Revolution, the…
(Encyclopedia) Cambridge, University of, at Cambridge, England, one of the oldest English-language universities in the world. Originating in the early 12th cent. (legend places its origin even…
(Encyclopedia) transmigration of souls or metempsychosistransmigration of soulsmətĕmˌsəkōˈsĭs [key] [Gr.,=change of soul], a belief common to many cultures, in which the soul passes from one body to…
(Encyclopedia) Liberty, Statue of, statue on Liberty Island in Upper New York Bay, commanding the entrance to New York City. Liberty Island, c.10 acres (4 hectares), formerly Bedloe's Island (renamed…
(Encyclopedia) Kongo, kingdom ofKongo, kingdom ofkôngˈgō, kŏngˈ– [key], former state of W central Africa, founded in the 14th cent. In the 15th cent. the kingdom stretched from the Congo River in the…
(Encyclopedia) Lepanto, battle ofLepanto, battle oflĭpănˈtō [key], Oct. 7, 1571, naval battle between the Christians and Ottomans fought in the strait between the gulfs of Pátrai and Corinth, off…
(Encyclopedia) Lucifer of CagliariLucifer of Cagliaril&oomacr;ˈsĭfər, [key]Lucifer of Cagliarikälyäˈrē [key], d. 370, bishop of Cagliari, Sardinia (353–70), violent opponent of Arianism. As…
(Encyclopedia) Sussex, kingdom of, one of the Anglo-Saxon heptarchy (seven kingdoms) in England, located S of the Weald. It was settled in the late 5th cent. (according to tradition in 477) by Saxons…
(Encyclopedia) Robert of JumiègesRobert of Jumiègeszhümyĕzhˈ [key], fl. 1037–52, Norman churchman in England, b. Normandy. As abbot of Jumièges he won the favor of Edward (later Edward the Confessor…
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