(Encyclopedia) cosmic rays, charged particles moving at nearly the speed of light reaching the earth from outer space. Primary cosmic rays consist mostly of protons (nuclei of hydrogen atoms), some…
(Encyclopedia) Perutz, Max Ferdinand, 1914–2002, British molecular biologist, b. Vienna. One of the pioneers in the field of molecular biology, Perutz studied chemistry at the Univ. of Vienna (1932–…
(Encyclopedia) Abbott, BereniceAbbott, Berenicebĕrˌənēsˈ [key], 1898–1991, American photographer, b. Springfield, Ohio. Abbott, who had left (1918) the Midwest for Greenwich Village, then (1921)…
(Encyclopedia) Karle, JeromeKarle, Jeromekärl [key], 1918–2013, American physicist, b. New York City, Ph.D. Univ. of Michigan, 1943. He worked on the Manhattan Project before beginning a career (1946…
(Encyclopedia) Giacconi, Riccardo, 1931–2018, Italian-American astrophysicist, b. Milan, Italy, Ph.D. Univ. of Milan 1954. He was a researcher at American Science and Engineering Corporation (1959–73…
(Encyclopedia) Tokyo, University of, at Tokyo, Japan; founded in 1877. In the 1920s it became one of the first Imperial universities and remains one of the most prestigious in Japan. It offers…
