Bush administration official and former oil-industry lobbyist, resigned his post as chief of staff of the Council of Environmental Quality in June, two days after the New York Times reported…
(Encyclopedia) Charles IV (Charles the Fair), 1294–1328, king of France (1322–28), youngest son of Philip IV, brother and successor of Philip V. Charles continued his brother's work of strengthening…
(Encyclopedia) Granvelle, Antoine Perrenot deGranvelle, Antoine Perrenot deäNtwänˈ pĕrənōˈ də gräNvĕlˈ [key], 1517–86, statesman in the service of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and of King Philip II…
(Encyclopedia) Clement V, 1264–1314, pope (1305–14), a Frenchman named Bertrand de Got; successor of Benedict XI. He was made archbishop of Bordeaux by Boniface VIII, who trusted him; surprisingly,…
(Encyclopedia) Ursins, Marie Anne de la Trémoille, princesse desUrsins, Marie Anne de la Trémoille, princesse desmärēˈ än də lä trāmwäˈyə prăNsĕsˈ dāzürsănˈ [key], 1642–1722, French noblewoman and…
(Encyclopedia) OlynthusOlynthusōlĭnˈthəs [key], ancient city of Greece, on the peninsula of Chalcidice (now Khalkidhikí), NE of Potidaea. A league of Chalcidic cities grew up in the late 5th cent. b.…
(Encyclopedia) Jacqueline, 1401–36, countess of Hainaut, Holland, and Zeeland (1417–33). The daughter and heiress of William IV, duke of Bavaria and count of Hainaut, Holland, and Zeeland, and of…
(Encyclopedia) Decius (Caius Messius Quintus Decius)Deciusdēˈshəs [key], 201–51, Roman emperor (249–51), b. Pannonia. He was sent by Philip (Philip the Arabian) to quell a mutiny, but when the…
(Encyclopedia) Lerma, Francisco Gómez de Sandoval y Rojas, duque deLerma, Francisco Gómez de Sandoval y Rojas, duque defränthēsˈkō gōˈmāth dā sändōvälˈ ē rōˈhäs d&oomacr;ˈkā dā lārˈmä [key], 1553…
(Encyclopedia) Arras, Treaty of. 1 Treaty of 1435, between King Charles VII of France and Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy. Through it, France and Burgundy became reconciled. Philip deserted his…
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