(Encyclopedia) Richard I,&sp;Richard Cœur de LionRichard I,kör də lyôNˈ [key], or Richard Lion-Heart, 1157–99, king of England (1189–99); third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Although…
(Encyclopedia) Werve, Claus van deWerve, Claus van deklous vän də vĕrˈvə [key], d. 1439, Flemish sculptor. The nephew and student of Claus Sluter, Werve succeeded his uncle as chief sculptor to…
(Encyclopedia) Aldana, Francisco deAldana, Francisco defränthēsˈkō ᵺā äldäˈnä [key], 1537–78, Spanish general, diplomat, and poet, b. Alcántara or Naples. He symbolizes the ideal of the Spanish…
(Encyclopedia) Aranjuez
Aranjuez
äränghwāthˈ
[key], town, Madrid prov., central Spain, on the Tagus River. As a market for the irrigated
horticulture nearby, it is known…
(Encyclopedia) Ware, Isaac, d. 1766, English architect of the Georgian period. After travels in Italy he was employed in 1729 as clerk of the works at Windsor Castle. For Philip, earl of Chesterfield…
(Encyclopedia) Isabella, 1296–1358, queen consort of Edward II of England, daughter of Philip IV of France. She married Edward in 1308. Neglected and mistreated by her husband, Isabella nourished…
(Encyclopedia) Sebastian, 1554–78, king of Portugal (1557–78), grandson and successor of John III. He was under the regency first of his grandmother (until 1562) and then of his uncle Henry (a…
(Encyclopedia) Farnese, AlessandroFarnese, Alessandroälĕs-sänˈdrō [key]Farnese, Alessandro färnāˈzā [key], 1545–92, duke of Parma and Piacenza (1586–92), general and diplomat in the service of Philip…
(Encyclopedia) Armada, SpanishArmada, Spanishärmäˈdə [key], 1588, fleet launched by Philip II of Spain for the invasion of England, to overthrow the Protestant Elizabeth I and establish Philip on the…
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