(Encyclopedia) IdrisidsIdrisidsĭdˈrĭsĭdzˌ [key], two historic Muslim families. 1 An Arab Shiite dynasty of Morocco (788–974), founded by Idris I, a descendant of caliph Ali. It was the first Shiite…
(Encyclopedia) Tippoo Sahib or Tipu SahibTippoo Sahibboth: tĭpˈ&oomacr; säˈhĭb [key], 1749–99, Indian ruler, sultan of Mysore (1782–99); son and successor of Haidar Ali. He fought in his father's…
(Encyclopedia) Baha Ullah or Baha AllahBaha Allahbähäˈ &oobreve;lˈä [key] [Arab.,=glory of God], 1817–92, Persian religious leader originally named Mirza Husayn Ali Nuri. One of the first…
(Encyclopedia) Baghdadi, Abu Bakr al-, nom de guerre of Awwad Ibrahim Ali al-Badri al-Samarrai, 1971–2019, Iraqi jihadist leader. Following the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003, he helped found a Sunni…
(Encyclopedia) BakhtiariBakhtiaribäkhˌtēäˈrē, –ärēˈ, băkhˌ– [key], tribal group, numbering around 850,000, living in SW Iran, in a mountainous region (c.25,000 sq mi/64,750 sq km) in Khuzestan and…
(Encyclopedia) Faisal I or Faysal IFaisal Iboth: fīˈsəl [key], 1885–1933, king of Iraq (1921–33). The third son of Husayn ibn Ali, sherif of Mecca, he is also called Faisal ibn Husayn. Faisal was…
(Encyclopedia) Bhutto, BenazirBhutto, Benazirbĕnˌəzĭrˈ b&oomacr;ˈtō [key], 1953–2007, prime minister of Pakistan (1988–90; 1993–96), daughter of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Educated at Radcliffe and…
(Encyclopedia) Rafsanjani, Hashemi (Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani)Rafsanjani, Hashemiälēˈ äkˈbär häshˈəmē räfˌsänjänˈē [key], 1934–2017, Iranian religious and political leader, president of Iran (1989…
(Encyclopedia) ZanzibarZanzibarzănˈzĭbär, zănzĭbärˈ [key], semiautonomous archipelago (2012 pop. 1,303,569), Tanzania, E Africa, in the Indian Ocean c. 20 mi (32 km) off the mainland, consisting of…
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