(Encyclopedia) Whittington, Richard, 1358–1423, English merchant and lord mayor of London. He made his fortune as a mercer and then entered London politics to become successively councilman, alderman…
(Encyclopedia) Carew, George, Baron Carew of Clopton and earl of TotnesCarew, George, Baron Carew of Clopton and earl of Totneskər&oomacr;ˈ, tŏtˈnĭs [key], 1555–1629, English soldier and…
(Encyclopedia) Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, 1st earl of, c.1500–1550, lord chancellor of England. Appointed a clerk of the signet in 1530, he rose in the favor of Thomas Cromwell and Henry VIII,…
(Encyclopedia) Temple, Richard Grenville-Temple, Earl, 1711–79, British statesman; elder brother of George Grenville and brother-in-law of William Pitt, 1st earl of Chatham. He succeeded to his…
(Encyclopedia) Audley of Walden, Thomas Audley, Baron, 1488–1544, lord chancellor of England (1533–44) under Henry VIII. He was made speaker of the House of Commons in 1529 and lord keeper of the…
(Encyclopedia) Clare, John Fitzgibbon, 1st earl of, 1749–1802, Irish statesman. He was (1783–89) attorney general of Ireland and in 1789 became lord chancellor. A resolute upholder of the Protestant…
(Encyclopedia) Fisher, John Arbuthnot Fisher, 1st BaronFisher, John Arbuthnot Fisher, 1st Baronärbŭthˈnət [key], 1841–1920, British admiral. Entering the navy in 1854, he specialized in gunnery and…
(Encyclopedia) manorial systemmanorial systemmənôrˈēəl, măn– [key] or seignorial systemseignorial systemsēnyôrˈēəl [key], economic and social system of medieval Europe under which peasants' land…
(Encyclopedia) Cardwell, Edward Cardwell, Viscount, 1813–86, British statesman. He entered Parliament (1842) as a supporter of Sir Robert Peel, under whom he was secretary to the treasury (1845–46).…
(Encyclopedia) Berkeley, John, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton, 1602–78, English army officer and courtier. A royalist, he fought in numerous engagements in the English civil war and later, through…
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