(Encyclopedia) Nicholas I, Saint, c.825–867, pope (858–67), a Roman; successor of Benedict III. He was a vigorous and politically active pope who arbitrated both temporal and religious disputes. His…
(Encyclopedia) Niebuhr, Barthold GeorgNiebuhr, Barthold Georgbärˈtôlt gāˈôrkh nēˈb&oobreve;r [key], 1776–1831, German historian, b. Copenhagen; son of Karsten Niebuhr. He served in the Danish and…
(Encyclopedia) OrsiniOrsiniōrsēˈnē [key], powerful Roman family that included three popes and numerous other churchmen, soldiers and statesmen. The eponymous ancestor was one Ursus. Giacinto Orsini,…
(Encyclopedia) Agrigento
Agrigento
ägrējānˈtō
[key], Lat. Agrigentum, city, capital of Agrigento prov., S Sicily, Italy,
on a hill above the Mediterranean Sea. It is an…
(Encyclopedia) Eugene IV, 1383–1447, pope (1431–47), a Venetian named Gabriele Condulmer; successor of Martin V. He was of exemplary character and ascetic habits. Gregory XII, his uncle, made him…
(Encyclopedia) LanuviumLanuviumlən&oomacr;ˈvēəm [key], ancient city of Latium, Italy, c.20 mi (32 km) S of Rome, in the Alban Hills near the Appian Way. It was celebrated for its temple of Juno.…
(Encyclopedia) Boris I, d. 907, khan [ruler] of Bulgaria (852–89). Baptized in 864, he introduced Christianity of the Byzantine rite among the Bulgarians. There followed a rivalry between Rome and…
(Encyclopedia) censorcensorsĕnˈsər [key], title of two magistrates of ancient Rome (from c.443 b.c. to the time of Domitian). They took the census (by which they assessed taxation, voting, and…
(Encyclopedia) Sweynheym, ConradSweynheym, Conradkônˈrät svīnˈhīm [key], fl. 15th cent., early printer. Originally from near Mainz, Germany, Sweynheym with Arnold Pannartz established (c.1464) in the…
(Encyclopedia) Villa Doria PamphiliVilla Doria Pamphilivēlˈlä dôˈryä pämˈfēlē [key], Roman villa, built in the 17th cent. for Camillo Pamphili, nephew of Pope Innocent X, from plans designed by…
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