(Encyclopedia) Oratory, Congregation of the [Lat. abbr., Cong. Orat.], in the Roman Catholic Church, founded in 1575, an association of secular priests organized into independent communities…
(Encyclopedia) OsijekOsijekōˈsēyĕk [key], Ger. Esseg, Hung. Eszék, city (2011 pop. 108,048), in Croatia, on the Drava River. The chief city of the historic region of Slavonia, it is a river port and…
(Encyclopedia) Özal, Turgut, 1927–93, Turkish political leader, president of Turkey (1989–93). Trained as an electrical engineer, he worked for the Turkish state planning office in the 1950s and 60s…
(Encyclopedia) Pan-Germanism, German nationalist doctrine aiming at the union of all German-speaking peoples under German rule. Pan-Germanists considered that not only the German groups in…
(Encyclopedia) Maria I, 1734–1816, queen of Portugal (1777–1816), daughter of Joseph I. She was married (1760) to her uncle, who assumed joint rule with her as Peter III. Neither of them was much…
(Encyclopedia) Pereira, Aristides MariaPereira, Aristides Mariaärĭshˈtēdĭsh märēˈä pərāˈrä [key], 1923–2011, first president of Cape Verde. In the late 1940s he became an activist in the struggle…
(Encyclopedia) Wenceslaus I, d. 1253, king of Bohemia (1230–53), son and successor of Ottocar I. He invited large numbers of Germans to settle in the villages and towns of Bohemia and Moravia. In…
(Encyclopedia) Stambulov, StefanStambulov, Stefanstĕˈfän stämb&oomacr;ˈlôf [key], 1854–95, Bulgarian politician. Protesting Ottoman rule in Bulgaria, he led the unsuccessful revolt of 1876, which…
(Encyclopedia) Desai, Morarji RanchhodjiDesai, Morarji Ranchhodjimôrärˈjē ränchōˈjē [key]Desai, Morarji Ranchhodji dĕsīˈ [key], 1896–1995, Indian political leader. He joined the government in 1956,…
(Encyclopedia) Devonshire, Spencer Compton Cavendish, 8th duke ofDevonshire, Spencer Compton Cavendish, 8th duke ofkăvˈəndĭsh, dĕvˈənshĭr [key], 1833–1908, British statesman. He became marquess of…
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